Dr. Haroon Irshad

Manuscriptology is the science dealing particularly with the study of manuscripts or old literary documents. Before the writing & printing speaking was the medium of transmitting ideas. Man evolved the technique of oral communication by the use of sounds. In India Vedas were transmitted from generation to generation only through speaking & hearing. Writing was done on walls of caves, clay cylinders, stone, wood, metal, pottery etc. Later on writing on leaves -Palm, bark of Bhurja, cloth, papyrus & parchment by incising or inscribing. India has the largest number of Manuscripts in the world. In India there are a large number of Manuscripts and other documents written during the last several centuries and now available in different Institutions. In fact the number is so large and wide spread even rough estimate is also difficult. Lots of difficulties can be faced while studying the manuscript. Searching, getting and reading the manuscript need lots of effort. To overcome that C-DAC developed a software called Pandu lipi samshodhak which helps the literary scholar to easily find the manuscript source, availability, condition and all the facilities to study and translation to the universal language English.

The simple metaphors used by the ancient people in the colloquial language later technically termed as Nyaya. Afterwards it is used as a tool to define many difficult concepts in a simplified manner even for the common people. Nyayas are widely accepted as an authorized tool to express
the ancient scientific principles. In Ayurvedic texts, mostly the commentators use Nyayas to make the learner understand the concepts in a better and apparent way. The understanding of Nyaya is very much necessary to get clear knowledge about the hidden concepts. The present review emphasizes on various Nyaya and its importance in understanding the basic principles of Ayurveda. Some of such important Nyayas used are - Kakadanta Pareeksha Nyaya, Go-Balivarda Nyaya, Go Dohana Nyaya etc-.