Design and development of a model-based hardware simulator for photovoltaic array

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This paper presents a model based hardware simulator to emulate a photovoltaic (PV) array/module for all operating conditions. For making the model accurate the values of manufacturer dependent parameters pertaining to a PV array are extracted from the published data sheet of the array by a curve fitting based extraction technique. The proposed simulator consists of a microcontroller controlled switched mode DC-DC converter. The mathematical model of the PV array is embedded in the controller with provisions for the user to enter the required ambient conditions. A feedback compensator is implemented to achieve fast response and good stability and to minimize the steady-state error. As a test case to design, develop and test for compliance the published data of 115 W solar panel Shell S115 has been used. The prototype is tested for steady-state and transient conditions. The experimental results of the simulator are presented. The results are compared with the cell characteristics available in literature and compliance is confirmed. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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