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Course Detail

Course Name Chemical Technology
Course Code 15CHE212
Program B. Tech. in Chemical Engineering
Semester Four
Year Taught 2019

Syllabus

Unit 1

Chemical processing, the role of a chemical engineers in process industries, importance of block diagrams and flow charts, unit operations, unit processes, process utilities and economics, industrial safety and pollution, outline of plant and equipment design, process control and instrumentation; Chlor-Alkali: Definition of electrochemistry, manufacture of soda ash by solvay process, manufacture of chlorine & caustic soda by diaphragm cell, advantages & disadvantages of diaphragm & comparison with mercury cell. Cement: Definition of cement &portland cement, process description, raw material, flow sheet & major engineering problems associated with the dry processes for manufacturing of portland cement; Glass & Ceramics: Definition and general composition of glass, raw material, methods of manufacture, special glasses – fused silica and high silica glass; Ceramics – properties, classification, manufacturing process; Types of refractories and manufacturing processes; kilns. Inorganic Acids: Flow sheet, raw materials, industrial applications, and engineering problems for Sulfuric acid (includes production of Sulfur) and Hydrochloric acid. Soap & Detergent industry: Continuous hydrolysis & saponification process, flow sheet for continuous process, for fatty acids, soap & glycerine; types of surface active agents, different constituents of detergent, manufacturing process of detergent (sulfonation and sulfation and compounding of detergent). Vegetable Oils: Extraction methods, hydrogenation of vegetable oils, general methods of production; Pulp & Paper Industry: Kraft process for pulp manufacture, Fourdrinier and Cylinder Machine processes for paper manufacture, and paper finishing;

Unit 2

Fertilizer Industry: mixed and direct-application fertilizers, NPK value, granulation, Haber process for Ammonia synthesis; Petroleum Refining Industry: Constituents of petroleum, products of refining, processing or refining; Petrochemicals Industry: Unit operations, chemical conversions, manufacture of petrochemicals, reactions producing petrochemicals; Paints & Varnishes: Brief description of requirements for surface coatings, simple flow sheet of paint coatings, simple flow sheets of paint manufacturing process, varnishes & their applications; Dyes and Intermediates: Raw materials, important cyclic intermediates, chemical conversions, structure and classification of dyes.

Unit 3

Polymers & Plastics Industries: Definitions, types of polymers, classifications, polymerization reactions, manufacture of PE,PP, PVC; Phenolic and epoxy resin. Rubber Industries: Natural and synthetic rubber, rubber compounding, rubber fabrication, latex compounds, and rubber derivatives; Pharmaceutical: Classification, alkylation, condensation and cycliztaion, dehydration, halogenations, oxidation, sulfonation, amination. Fermentation process; Manufacture of antibiotic – Penicillin, Streptomycin and Erythromycin; Biologicals. Food industry: Types of processing (refining & milling, canning, concentration, freezing, drying, pasteurization); Sugar: Manufacture and refining of cane sugar, decolorization, bagasse, beet sugar.

Text Books

  1. C. E. Dryden, “Outlines of Chemicals Technology“, 2nd Edition, Edited and Revised by M. Gopala Rao and M. Sitting, Affiliated East–West Press, 1993.
  2. M. B. Hocking, “Handbook of Chemical Technology and Pollution Control”, 3rd Edition, Academic Press, 2005
  3. G. I. Austin, “Shreve’s Chemical Process Industries“, 5th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, Singapore, 1990.

Resources

  •  Martin B. B. Hocking, “Handbook of Chemical Technology and Pollution”, 3rd Edition, Academic Press, 2006.
  • M. Bickford, “Kirk-Othmer – Concise Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology“, (2-volume set), 4th Edition, Wiley-Interscience, 1999.

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