Unit 1

Chemical processing, the role of a chemical engineers in process industries, importance of block diagrams and flow charts, unit operations, unit processes, process utilities and economics, industrial safety and pollution, outline of plant and equipment design, process control and instrumentation; Chlor-Alkali: Definition of electrochemistry, manufacture of soda ash by solvay process, manufacture of chlorine & caustic soda by diaphragm cell, advantages & disadvantages of diaphragm & comparison with mercury cell. Cement: Definition of cement &portland cement, process description, raw material, flow sheet & major engineering problems associated with the dry processes for manufacturing of portland cement; Glass & Ceramics: Definition and general composition of glass, raw material, methods of manufacture, special glasses – fused silica and high silica glass; Ceramics – properties, classification, manufacturing process; Types of refractories and manufacturing processes; kilns. Inorganic Acids: Flow sheet, raw materials, industrial applications, and engineering problems for Sulfuric acid (includes production of Sulfur) and Hydrochloric acid. Soap & Detergent industry: Continuous hydrolysis & saponification process, flow sheet for continuous process, for fatty acids, soap & glycerine; types of surface active agents, different constituents of detergent, manufacturing process of detergent (sulfonation and sulfation and compounding of detergent). Vegetable Oils: Extraction methods, hydrogenation of vegetable oils, general methods of production; Pulp & Paper Industry: Kraft process for pulp manufacture, Fourdrinier and Cylinder Machine processes for paper manufacture, and paper finishing;

Unit 2

Fertilizer Industry: mixed and direct-application fertilizers, NPK value, granulation, Haber process for Ammonia synthesis; Petroleum Refining Industry: Constituents of petroleum, products of refining, processing or refining; Petrochemicals Industry: Unit operations, chemical conversions, manufacture of petrochemicals, reactions producing petrochemicals; Paints & Varnishes: Brief description of requirements for surface coatings, simple flow sheet of paint coatings, simple flow sheets of paint manufacturing process, varnishes & their applications; Dyes and Intermediates: Raw materials, important cyclic intermediates, chemical conversions, structure and classification of dyes.

Unit 3

1. C. E. Dryden, “Outlines of Chemicals Technology“, 2^nd Edition, Edited and Revised by M. Gopala Rao and M. Sitting, Affiliated East–West Press, 1993.
2. M. B. Hocking, “Handbook of Chemical Technology and Pollution Control”, 3^rd Edition, Academic Press, 2005
3. G. I. Austin, “Shreve’s Chemical Process Industries“, 5^th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, Singapore, 1990.

•  Martin B. B. Hocking, “Handbook of Chemical Technology and Pollution”, 3^rd Edition, Academic Press, 2006.
• M. Bickford, “Kirk-Othmer – Concise Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology“, (2-volume set), 4^th Edition, Wiley-Interscience, 1999.