Course

Unit I

Introduction to Crystal SystemsIntroduction to solids – solid state chemistry, close packing, hcp, fcc, density, coordination numbers, tetrahedral and octahedral holes, body centred and primitive structures, symmetry, proper rotation, mirror planes, inversion, improper axis symmetry elements, symmetry in crystals, Schoenflies and Hermann-Mauguin notations, unit cells, glide plane, screw axis, atom occupancy in cubic unit cells, seven crystal systems/classes, space groups, Miller indices, Bravais lattices, reciprocal lattice, inter-planar spacing in different crystal systems, fractional coordinates, ionic solids, structures of CsCl, NaCl, NiAs, zinc blende and wutzite structures, MX2 type solids, fluorite and antfluorite structures, CdCl2 and CdI2 structures, rutile and anti-rutile, ReO3, spinel and inverse spinel, pervoskite structures, ionic radii, crystal radii, radius ratio, Extended covalent array, diamond, graphite. Liquid crystals: Mesomorphic state, types, examples and application of liquid crystals.

Unit II

Bonding in Solids and Electronic propertiesBonding in crystals, metallic bonding, ionic bonding, covalent bonding, silicates, Born-Haber cycle, Hesss law, lattice energy (L) and calculation of L, free electron theory, density of states, electronic conductivity, molecular orbital theory, overlap and bonding, linear chain of H atoms, LCAO, Fermi Level, conductors, insulators and semiconductors, n- and p-type semiconductors, bands in compounds, band-gap energy, direct and indirect band gaps in semiconductors, band-gap measurements, electrical conductivity, photo-conductivity.

Unit III

Magnetic and Optical Properties of SolidsBehaviour of substances in magnetic field, magnetic moments, para magnetism, diamagnetism, ferro- and anti- ferromagnetism, ferrimagnetism, effects of temperature of magnetism, Curie & Curie-Weiss laws; mechanism of ferro- and anti-ferromagnetic ordering, super exchange. Luminescence and phosphorescence of solid materials, phosphors, lasers, non-stoichiometry and its effect in properties of solids, electronic properties of non-stoichiometric oxides. Defects in solids, Schottky defects, Frenkel defects, doping in crystals and colour features, ruby, diamond, organic conductors, preparation, mechanism of conduction in organic semiconductors, photoconductivity of polymers

Unit IV

Materials Science-Structure and propertiesSolid materials of importance. Structure and properties of SiO2, ZrO2, SiC, BN, ZnO, TiO2, CdS, CdTe, GaAs, MoS2. Band-gap properties of semiconductors like ZnO, TiO2, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, GaAs, MoS2 and (CH3NH3)[PbX3]-type perovskites. Photo-catalytic properties of ZnO and TiO2 principle and applications. Inorganic-organic hybrid materials. High Tc superconductors (HTS) like Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu oxide based HTS (BSCCO) and Y-Ba-Cu-oxide (YBCO), their structure and properties. Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials, special features of MOF materials. Synthesis, special features and properties of MOF materials like HKUST-1 and MOF-8. Gas storage and emission properties of MOF materials. MOFs as sensors, MOFs in pharmaceuticals, Zeolites, their special features and properties.

Unit V

Materials Science-Synthesis, processing and characterizationSol and gel, their properties, xerogels. Sol-gel synthesis – synthesis of SiO2 and TiO2 through sol-gel process. Calcination and sintering. Characterization of processed materials, PXRD, IR, Raman, Uv-visible and solid- state NMR spectral techniques. Understanding morphological features through, SEM, EDAX and TEM methods. Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method. Solid state synthesis, synthesis of High Tc superconducting materials like YBCO and BSCCO. Synthesis of inorganic-organic hybrid materials. Solvo- thermal and high-pressure synthesis.

TEXTBOOKS1.L V Azaroff, Introduction to Solids, Tata McGraw-Hill publishing company2.L. E. Smart and E. A. Moore, Solid State Chemistry An Introduction, 4th Edition, CRC Press, 2016.3.A. R. West, Solid State Chemistry and its Applications, Wiley, 20144.C N R Rao, K Biswas, Essentials of Inorganic Materials Synthesis, John Wiley, 20145.C N R Rao Chemical Approaches to Synthesis of Materials, Wiley, 1994REFERENCES1.D. Jiles, Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Chapman and Hall, London, 1991.2.R. E. Hummel, Electronic Properties of Materials, 3rd ed., Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001.3.Schubert, U. and Hsing, N, Synthesis of Inorganic Materials, 3rd edn, VCH-Wiley Verlag GmbH, Weinheim, 20124.W.D. Kingery, H.K. Dowen and R.D. Uhlman, Introduction to Ceramics, John Wiley.5.F.H. Norton, Elements of Ceramics,.6.M.W. Barsoum, Fundamentals of Ceramics, McGraw Hill.7.Material Science and Engineering, S.K. Hajra Choudhury, Indian Book Dist.8.B D Fahlman, Materials Chemistry, 2nd Edition, Springer, 20119.Stefan Kaskel, The Chemistry of MetalOrganic Frameworks: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2016