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Abstract : The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the safety of aqueous extract of Cassia auriculata seeds by determining its potential toxicity after acute and subacute administration in rats. For acute study, aqueous extract of Cassia auriculata seeds was administered to rats in single dose of 0-5000 mg/kg given by the gavage and Monitored behavioral changes, adverse effects, body weight changes and mortality were determined for up to 14 days. At the end of the observation period animals were sacrificed and subjected to gross necropsy study. In the sub acute dose study the extract was administered orally at doses of 0, 1000 and 2000mg/kg daily for 28days to rats and biochemical, hematological parameters and histopathological study carried out after 28 days of oral administration. In the acute study of aqueous extract of Cassia auriculata seeds did not show any behavioral changes sign of adverse effects or deaths. No significant changes in body and organ weights and gross necropsy of organ from the treated groups as compared to the control group. In the sub acute study in rats, daily administration of the crude aqueous extract of Cassia auriculata seeds for up to 28 days did not results in deaths or significant changes in the biological, hematological and histopathological parameters. Aqueous extract of Cassia auriculata seeds can be considered fairly nontoxic at the oral dose tested, because it did not cause any death or adverse behavioral changes, blood analysis and necropsy study in acute toxicity and sub acute toxicity studies in rats.