Publication

Abstract : Advanced analytical equipments that are exact, sensitive, specific, rapid, and user-friendly are needed to address the rising need for governmental efforts in environmental pollution management and early warning systems. The use of labor-intensive sample preparation is no longer necessary, thanks to the development of optical biosensors, which enable highly sensitive and real-time monitoring of pollutants in their natural environment. Understanding and keeping an eye on the environment, particularly the local water and air quality, has become more crucial as we enter the digital era. The difficulty, however, is not in gathering enough information on environmental contaminants, but rather in efficiently processing and understanding this massive volume of data. Nanomaterial-enabled sensors have been created over the past 15 years to provide precise and sensitive environmental contaminant detection. With their capacity to deliver straightforward, reasonably priced, and readily deployable solutions, these technologies hold considerable potential for advancing our quest for a thorough, methodical understanding of nature. Infections, heavy metals, and pesticides are just a few of the environmental toxins that this research analyses how nanosensors might be used to detect. Significant improvements in functional biorecognition components such enzymes, aptamers, DNAzymes, antibodies, and whole cells are highlighted to promote the usage of optical biosensors. The development of optical biosensor equipment and its use in environmental monitoring is also covered in depth in this study. Novel optical biosensor developments for early environmental contamination detection and management are given particular focus. The development of sensing technologies has been the focus of numerous research organizations, with a focus on the demand for inexpensive, compact, and environmentally friendly sensors. Modern biosensors with ultra-sensitivity and real-time analysis capabilities are now possible because of nanotechnology’s cutting-edge nanofabrication and green synthesis techniques. According to the literature, detection limits for pollutants have already been raised to the nanomolar to picomolar range. This article offers a summary of recent advancements in chemical sensors that are favorable to the environment, with a special emphasis on pollution detection in soil and water environments. The development of biosensors using nanotechnology holds great promise for better environmental monitoring and pollution prevention.