Course

‘Pharmacology I – Theory’ is a course offered in the second year of Pharm. D. program at School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham.

Course Duration: 3 Hrs./Week

Scope:

This subject will provide an opportunity for the student to learn about the drug with regard to classification, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic aspects, adverse effects, uses, dose, route of administration, precautions, contraindications and interaction with other drugs. In this subject, apart from general pharmacology, drugs acting on autonomic nervous system, cardiovascular system, central nervous system, blood and blood forming agents and renal system will be taught. In addition to theoretical knowledge, the basic practical knowledge relevant to therapeutics will be im- parted.

Objectives of the Subject

Upon completion of the subject student shall be able to (Know, do, appre- ciate) –

1. Understand the pharmacological aspects of drugs falling under the above mentioned chapters;
2. Handle and carry out the animal experiments;
3. Appreciate the importance of pharmacology subject as a basis of therapeutics; and
4. Correlate and apply the knowledge therapeutically.

Text books (Theory) (Author, Title, Edition, Publication Place, Publisher, Year of Publication)

1. Tripathi, K. D. Essentials of medical pharmacology. 4th Ed, 1999. Publisher: Jaypee, Delhi.
2. Satoskar, R.S. and Bhadarkar, S.D. Pharmacology and pharmacotherapeutics. 16th edition (single volume), 1999. Publisher: Popular, Dubai.
3. Rang, H.P. & Dale, M.M. Pharmacology. 4th edition, 1999. Publisher: Churchill Living stone.

Reference Books (Theory)(Author, Title, Edition, Publication Place, Publisher, Publication Year)

1. Goodman Gilman, A., Rall, T.W., Nies, A.I.S. and Taylor, P. Goodman and Gilman’s The pharmaco- logical Basis of therapeutics. 9th Ed, 1996. Publisher Mc Graw Hill, Pergamon press.
2. Craig, C.R.&Stitzel, R.E. Modern Pharmacology. Latest edition. Publisher: Little Brown.Co
3. Katzung, B.G. Basic and clinical pharmacology. Latest edition. Publisher: Prentice Hall, Int.
4. Shargel and Leon. Applied Biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics. Latest edition. Publisher: Prentice Hall, London.

1. Kulkarni, S. K. and Dandia, P. C. Hand book of experimental pharmacology. Latest edition, Publisher: Vallab, Delhi.

Reference books (Practical)

1. Macleod, L.J. Pharmacological experiments on intact preparations. Latest edition, Publisher: Chur- chill livingstone.
2. Macleod, L.J. Pharmacological experiments on isolated preparations. Latest edition, Publisher: Churchill livingstone.
3. Ghosh, M.N. Fundamentals of experimental pharmacology. Latest edition, Publisher: Scientific book agency, Kolkata.
4. Ian Kitchen. Textbook of in vitro practical pharmacology. Latest edition, Publisher: Black well Sci- entific.

Title of the topic

Note : The term Pharmacology used here refers to the classification, mechanism of action, pharmacoki netics, pharmacodynamics, adverse effects, contraindications, Therapeutic uses, interactions and dose and route of administration.

1. General Pharmacology
   1. Introduction, definitions and scope of pharmacology
   2. Routes of administration of drugs
   3. Pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion)
   4. Pharmacodynamics
   5. Factors modifying drug effects
   6. Drug toxicity – Acute, sub- acute and chronic toxicity.
   7. Pre-clinical evaluations
   8. Drug interactions
2. Pharmacology of drugs acting on ANS
   1. Adrenergic and antiadrenergic drugs
   2. Cholinergic and anticholinergic drugs
   3. Neuromuscular blockers
   4. Mydriactics and miotics
   5. Drugs used in myasthenia gravis
   6. Drugs used in Parkinsonism
3. Pharmacology of drugs acting on cardiovascular system
   1. Antihypertensives
   2. Anti-anginal drugs
   3. Anti-arrhythmic drugs
   4. Drugs used for therapy of Congestive Heart Failure
   5. Drugs used for hyperlipidaemias
4. Pharmacology of drugs acting on Central Nervous System
   1. General anesthetics
   2. Sedatives and hypnotics
   3. Anticonvulsants
   4. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents
   5. Psychotropic drugs
   6. Alcohol and methyl alcohol
   7. CNS stimulants and cognition enhancers
   8. Pharmacology of local anaesthetics
5. Pharmacology of Drugs acting on Respiratory tract
   1. Bronchodilators
   2. Mucolytics
   3. Expectorants
   4. Antitussives
   5. NasalDecongestants
6. Pharmacology of Hormones and Hormone antagonists
   1. Thyroid and Antithyroid drugs
   2. Insulin, Insulin analogues and oral hypoglycemic agents
   3. Sex hormones and oral contraceptives
   4. Oxytocin and other stimulants and relaxants
7. Pharmacology of autocoids and their antagonists
   1. Histamines and Antihistaminics
   2. 5-Hydroxytryptamine and its antagonists
   3. Lipid derived autocoids and platelet activating factor