Dr. Krishna Prasad R.

The simulation of fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) process was performed using Aspen HYSYS. The effect of crude flow rate on naphtha flow, coke yield, and catalyst to oil ratio in FCC were simulated. The interaction effects of riser height, inlet crude flow rate and operating temperature on naphtha mass flow, catalyst to oil ratio, and coke yield were studied by Box-Behnken design. The maximum yield of naphtha (100000 kg/h) was obtained for FCC operating temperature within 520–600°C and riser height greater than 30 m. The catalyst to oil ratio of above 12 was obtained for operating temperature beyond 590°C for the entire riser height variation of 10 to 60 m in FCC. The increase in riser height resulted in increase production of naphtha, but beyond 60 m of riser height secondary cracking occurs resulting in reduction in yield of naphtha.

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The dependence and interactions of various factors affecting the ball mill grinding like diameter of ball, particle size, and time of grinding on 80% passing size of product d80 was studied for cement industry raw materials of lime stone and sand using Box–Behnken design of response surface experiments. The bond grindability index and work index of ball mill were determined for different feed characteristics by varying the number of balls involved in grinding operation in the ball mill. The higher specific rate of breakage was obtained for new or smooth surfaced balls than old or rough surfaced balls. The reduction in size due to ball mill grinding was found to be better for wet grinding than dry grinding based on specific rate of breakages obtained. The subsieve morphology of particles in sieve pan for sand for both dry and wet grinding were analyzed using scanning electron microscopic observations to determine the breakage characteristics. 2016 Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

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The delignification of wood pulp using hydrogen peroxide and Xylanase enzyme in an ultrasonicator was studied at different process conditions. The factors influencing the chemical delignification were studied simultaneously using the Box-Behnken design of experiments. The mathematical model for Kappa reduction as functions of consistency of the pulp, concentration of peroxide and the temperature of delignification was developed. The response optimization studies for minimizing the Kappa number using chemical delignification provides the optimal conditions of 11% consistency of pulp, 3% concentration of peroxide and 50oC temperature with Kappa reduction to 15 as optimum value for the range of variables studied. The sequential delignification using enzyme followed by peroxide treatment was found effective with maximum reduction in Kappa number was achieved.

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The electrocoagulation studies of distillery spentwash using copper anodes were utilized to demonstrate the usefulness of Box–Behnken experimental design of response surface analysis to derive a statistical model and the optimum parameters for color removal. The current intensity (1.5 A), dilution (10%) and time of electrolysis (5 h) had been found to be the optimum conditions for maximum 77.11% color removal. The actual color removal at optimized conditions was found to be 78.26%, which is to the predicted response using response surface methodology. The energy consumption and current efficiency were determined from reduction in chemical oxygen demand. More »»

This paper discuss briefly about the various process related to the conversion of ilmenite to compared. Based on the review of the literature suggestions have been made for certain modifications in the existing processes. Among the existing processes, ERMS seems to be better and modifications may be incorporated to improve Benlelite process for which an improved flow sheet is discussed in the chapter.

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