B. Uma Maheswari

Intake of healthy fruits and vegetables is vital as they are the source of energy for all living beings. There is an increasing demand for quality in all the consumed food items. Nowadays, starting from consumers, retailers to food manufacturing companies are inspecting food visually for its quality. This manual process incurs more time and it is a laborious and tiring task. So, there is a demand for an automated process which quickly examines, detects the defects and sorts them according to quality. There are many factors such as temperature, humidity etc., affect the quality of fruits. In this work, we have put forward a reliable mechanism for detecting the defects in fruits. The principal goal of this work is to detect and segregate low and best quality fruits. It is achieved using the combination of hardware and image processing techniques and machine learning algorithms. The novelty in this work is interfacing Raspberry Pi with MATLAB and image is captured. The segmentation, feature extraction, and classification is done using MATLAB. Our proposed system exhibits better performance than the existing system.

Developing cost-effective solutions to deliver broadband connection to undeserved or under-connected communities using fixed wireless access technology can be achieved by canopy networks. The former can be implemented using MIMO-OFDM technique. The implementations of MIMO-OFDM in systems have shown promising results in terms of system performance improvement. This paper presents high-speed FFT algorithms for wireless personal area network (WPAN) applications which uses high data rate. In WPAN, the FFT/IFFT block plays the major role. To eliminate the huge burden of the computational requirement of the FFT/IFFT process, the divide and conquer algorithm is employed here. This method not only improves the efficiency but is also easy to implement. In this work, the concept of Discrete Fourier Transform is discussed and the same is implemented using MATLAB for the MIMO-OFDM process.

In vehicular ad-hoc networks, vehicles move at a very high speed which makes data communication among vehicles difficult. VANET applications can be classified into safety and non-safety applications. Safety applications mainly focus on reducing the number of accidents and helps in improving the travel efficiency. An accident in heavy traffic roads leads to traffic jam. This information, of an accident happened should be multi-casted to the vehicles nearby, thereby they can change their route plan. So there is a need to multicast the emergency data to nearby vehicles with reduced packet loss and less delay. In this paper, we propose a fault tolerant multicasting technique with one primary parent and a secondary parent. A parent peer located near the accident is responsible for multicasting the data to other moving vehicles. If a parent node fails, the secondary parent starts multicasting the data. Simulation is done in NS-2 with 100 moving vehicles. Simulation results show that packet loss rate is decreased by 64.2%, end-To-end delay is reduced by 31% and control overhead is decreased by 9.91% in the proposed overlay structure than the tree approach. © 2017 IEEE.

Streaming video content to the end users with less delay and at the same time delivering content without compromising on the quality is a challenging task in peer to peer network. In this paper, a novel algorithm for constructing a scalable and robust hybrid overlay structure for video streaming is proposed. Peers are arranged in three layers namely mesh, tree and mesh cluster. They are connected to any of the layers on the basis of its reputation; the peers have reputation above a certain threshold are connected in meshor tree structure otherwise connected to mesh cluster. It supports more number of peers by connecting high reputed peers near streaming server and robustness of the proposed overlay structure to peer churn is achieved by the usage of mesh structure. Simulation results exhibit the characteristics of the proposed three-layer hybrid video streaming architecture and its performance with respect to end to end delay. It takes 19.41% less delay than mTreebone to stream video.

To fulfill the end-users demand for access to the Internet “anywhere-anytime” and ensure quality of service, is the WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) technology standardized based on IEEE 802.16 that provides efficient packet radio interface enabling transmission of high data rates. WiMAX network became popular and receives growing acceptance as a Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) system which is the solution of “last mile” wireless broadband. WiMAX has potential success and is gaining hike all over the world for deployment of the network in its line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions for both fixed operation below 11GHz and Mobile operation below 6 GHz frequency range. In the first step of cell planning and deployment of wireless network, estimation of path loss is very important in turn to get better signal strength to access Internet. In this work, we have used well-structured propagation models for analysis and comparison at different terrain areas, the models are - COST231 Hata model, COST231 Walfisch-Ikegami model, ECC-33 model, Ericsson model, and SUI model for SIMO (Single-input Multiple-output) channels. Using environmental parameters and some correction factors path loss is calculated for all terrain (urban, suburban, and rural) conditions. This provides guidelines for cell planning of mobile WiMAX at cellular frequency between 2-6 GHz.

The Multimedia based application services have been getting attention in recent years in various fields. These services require a stringent delay resistant protocol in order to provide the best Quality of Service to end users. Existing protocols are predominantly designed using load balancing, tree, multi-tree and mesh based mechanisms. These mechanisms suffer in the presence of channel noise and incur more delay due to improper multicasting techniques adopted. Overlay network using hybrid (tree over mesh) structure along with multicasting strategies are used to address this issue. In this paper, an Improved Delay Resistant Adaptive Multicasting (IDRAM) model which adopts hybrid overlay creation, sub-packet based multi path transmission technique and error correction based on Forward Error Correction along with arbitrary IDRAM-A and selective IDRAM-S multicasting techniques are proposed and evaluated. Simulation is conducted to calculate frame success ratio, throughput, number of packet retransmission and transmission delay. The results obtained prove that IDRAM-S outperforms better than IDRAM-A and existing sub packet based multi path techniques. The number of retransmission requests made by IDRAM-S is reduced compared to the existing model. This reduction in the number of retransmission enables in minimizing end to end delay and thereby achieve stringent delay constraints associated with multimedia data delivery.

Smartphone is a leading mobility platform of the present computing era. Nowadays, transmitting precious information securely between mobile phones is considerably a big challenging task. The mobile devices must get paired in such a manner that effective data exchange should take less time and energy consuming, thus overcoming the fraudulent attacks in the communication channel. The most well known technique of building communication protocols for setting up a secure transfer between such mobile devices is the Cryptographic protocols. To confront security by overcoming the dominance of the invader effectively, Cryptographic techniques are now embedded in wireless environment. Keyless Cryptosystem is one such method which is elaborated as Keyless Key Agreement Cryptography method. This review paper throws a lime light on the overview of Keyless Cryptosystem. Various protocols using this technique are compared and highlighted here. This paper further explains the cryptosystem used in primitive pairing of mobile devices in a secure manner. © 2018 American Scientific Publishers.

Recent advancement in the network technology and infrastructure support video streaming over multiple paths. Realizing high quality video streaming over Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET) is a very challenging task. This paper proposes an Application Layer Based Capability Aware protocol for single server multi user live streaming application. In wireless network each device has different capability in terms of data-storage, mobility, forwarding data, availability etc., and proposed protocol aims to realize these capabilities and to distribute video chunks in multiple paths by segmenting the stream based on its capacity. This is achieved with the help of Fenwick Tree – a data structure which is integrated in the Application Layer. The system is implemented and tested under various scenarios. The results show there is a considerable increase in throughput and decrease in total transfer time. © Research India Publications