Unit 1: Ethics in Research Ethics, moral philosophy, nature of moral judgements and reactions. Scientific conduct – ethics with respect to science and research. Intellectual honesty and research integrity. Scientific misconducts – falsification, fabrication and plagiarism. Redundant publications – duplicate and overlapping publications. Selective reporting and misrepresentation of data.Unit 2: Literature SurveyImportance of literature survey, planning a literature search, identifying key concepts and key words, locating relevant literature and reliability of a source. Aim, objectives, expected outcome, and methodology to be adopted. Importance of reproducibility of results. Objectives and basic principles of designs of experiments. Data presentation – using graphs, in tables, schemes and figures. Software for drawing. Bibliography using Mendeley and Zotero.Unit 4: Publication EthicsBest practices and standards, conflicts of interest, publication misconduct, unethical behaviour and related problems. Authorship and contributorship. Identification of publication misconduct, complaints and appeals.Unit 5: Research Communication General aspects of scientific writing – reporting practical and project work, writing literature survey and reviews, organizing a poster display, oral presentation. Guidelines for manuscript writing – abstract, introduction, methodology, results and discussion, conclusion, acknowledgement, references and citation. Intellectual property (IP) and intellectual property rights (IPR).
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