Unit 1:
Amino Acids, proteins and Peptides [12 h]Amino acids classification and synthesis. Peptides and proteins – structure and synthesis. Solid phase synthesis choice of resin, classification and reactions leading to peptide formation – Boc and Fmoc strategies. Enzymes classification. Enzyme inhibition and poisoning. Enzymes in organic synthesis.
Unit 2:
Enzymes[10 h]Enzymes classification. Enzyme inhibition and poisoning. Enzymatic reactions with group transfer – hydrolysis, phosphorylation and transamination. Bio-catalyzed C-C bond formation and bond breaking reactions. Redox reactions transfer of hydride. Monooxygenases and dioxygenases.
Unit 3:
Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids[14 h]Nomenclature, classification and structure of mono and disaccharides, and mutarotation. Glucose and fructose – synthesis and reactions. Killiani synthesis, interconversions and Amadori rearrangement. Stereoisomerism epimers and anomers. Disaccharides properties and reactions of maltose, sucrose and lactose. Glycosides classification and preparation. Oligo- and polysaccharides structure, properties, reactions and applications of cellulose, starch and cyclodextrins. Synthesis of shikimic acid. Artificial sweeteners. Structure and synthesis of nucleic acids, deoxy sugars, genetic code and sequencing.
Unit 4:
Steroids and Vitamins [10 h]Steroids – classification, structural elucidation of cholesterol. Conversion of cholesterol to progesterone, androsterone, testosterone and vitamin D. Classification, structure, and synthesis of prostaglandins. Vitamins classification, structure, source, uses, deficiency symptoms and diseases.
Unit 5:
Alkaloids, Terpenoids and Flavonoids[14 h]Alkaloids classification, source and application. General methods of structural elucidation of alkaloids. Total synthesis of reserpine and quinine. Terpenes and terpenoids isoprene rule, classification, structure and application of myrcene, limonene, geraniol and menthol. Biosynthesis and synthesis of menthol, camphor and ?-carotene. Flavonoids – source and function in plants. Structure and synthesis of flavones, flavanols and flavanones.