Course

LECTURE-WISE CONTENTS:

Introduction, Differential Diagnosis, Therapeutic goals, Pharmacological management with reference to latest guidelines and treatment algorithm &non-pharmacological approaches. Recent advancements associated with following systems/diseases

Preliminary reading topics are mentioned in brackets.

UNIT- I Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Systems                    16 hours

• Hypertension (03 hours)
• Congestive cardiac failure (02 hours)
• Angina Pectoris (02 hours)
• Myocardial infarction (02 hours)
• Hyperlipidemias (02 hours)
• Arrhythmias (02 hours)
• Stroke (03 hours)

(Electrophysiology of heart, Anatomy, physiology, functional areas of cerebrum and cerebellum) 

UNIT-II Renal system                                                                                       08 hours

• Acute Renal Failure (02 hours)
• Chronic Renal Failure (02 hours)
• Renal Dialysis (02 hours)
• Drug induced renal disorders (02 hour) (Anatomy and physiology of Renal )

UNIT-III Hematological System                                                                         08 hours

• Anemia- Microcytic, Macrocytic, Auto-Immune Hemolytic Anemia (03 hours)
• Coagulation Disorders -Deep Vein Thrombosis- (03 hours ) Venous Thromboembolism & Pulmonary Embolism
• Drug induced blood disorders (02 hours) (Composition and functions of blood)

UNIT -IV Endocrine System                                                                              08 hours

• Diabetes ,Diabetic Foot and Insulin dosage adjustments (03hours)
• Thyroid diseases (03 hours)
• Osteoporosis (02 hours)

(Oral contraceptives & Hormone replacement therapy)

UNIT-V Respiratory System                                                                           08 hours

• Asthma (03 hours)
• Chronic obstructive airways disease (03 hours)
• Drug induced pulmonary diseases (02 hours)

(Physiology and regulation of respiration)

Unit VI- Sustainability and Artificial Intelligence                                          02 hours

• Ensuring Equity and Access in Essential Cardiovascular Medicines: A Public Health Sustainability Perspective (1hour)
• AI-Assisted Diagnosis and Drug Dose Adjustment in Diabetes

Management.                                                                                           (1hour)

Scope:
This course is designed to impart knowledge and skills necessary for the rational use of medicines. It provides an opportunity to learn the pharmacotherapeutic management of various diseases including recent advances, approved treatment algorithms and guidelines.It gives an insight into the basis behind the selection of drugs in disease management and the role of pharmacological and non pharmacological interventions. This course also highlights understanding, detection, assessment and prevention of various drug related problems.

Recent advancements in Pharmacotherapy and patient-specific management strategies are included and emphasized. The course emphasizes student-directed acquisition of necessary knowledge in the management of various diseases .The course emphasizes student-directed acquisition of knowledge on pathogenesis, pharmacotherapy, dose adjustment and patient counselling in the management of various diseases.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

Upon successful completion of the course students shall be able to;

KNOWLEDGE

K1: State the definitions of various disorders

K2 : Outline the etiopathogenesis and clinical manifestations of various diseases K3 : Enumerate the reference ranges for various laboratory parameters.

K4 : Illustrate standard treatment guidelines used for various diseases/disorders

K5 : Discuss the role of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in various diseases/disorders

K6: Describe the patient-specific parameters relevant in initiating and continuing drug therapy. (including alternatives, time-course of clinical and laboratory indices of therapeutic response and adverse effects) 

SKILL

S1: Justify the relevance of changes in drug therapy in the management of various disorders S2: Interpret the variations in laboratory values

S3: Apply the pharmacological knowledge in prevention and treatment of various disorders. S4: Demonstrate the ability to recognize and report various drug related problems

S5: Solve the various drug-related problems in the patient drug therapy

S6: Display proficiency in communicating clearly with a patient regarding the correct utilization of prescribed drugs.

ATTITUDE

A1: Appreciate and respect the cultural backgrounds, beliefs and values of patients.

A2: Recognise the emotional and psychological aspects of illness and demonstrate sensitivity in interactions with patients, families and caregivers.

A3: Communicate effectively with various stakeholders and exhibit professionalism in all clinical activities.

A4: Appreciate effective reporting of drug related problems among healthcare professionals.

A5: Display sincerity, punctuality and integrity in academic and nonacademic activities.

A6: Uphold the ethical values in maintaining the confidentiality of patient information.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Joseph Dipiro et al. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic approach. 10^th edn. Mc Graw- Hill; 2017
2. Roger Walker and Cate Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics. 5^th edn. Churchill Livingstone publication; 2012
3. Robbins and Pathologic basis of disease. 6^th edn Philadelphia: Elsevier;2003
4. Laurence L. Brunton, Randa Hilal-Dandan, Björn C. Knollmann. Goodman & Gilman’s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 13^th Mc Graw- Hill; 2018

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Kodak-Kimble, Mary Applied Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs. 11^th ed. Philadelphia: LPWW;2009
2. Eric T. Herfindal. Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics. 5^th Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Publication;1992
3. Lloyd Young and Koda-Kimble. Applied Therapeutics: The clinical Use of Drugs. 10^th Wolters Kluwer: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2013
4. Robbins and Pathologic basis of disease. 6^th edn Philadelphia: Elsevier;2003
5. Scott L. Traub. Basic skills in interpreting laboratory data. American Society of Health System Pharmacists; 1992

JOURNALS:

1. Clinical pharmacology and Wiley-Blackwell
2. Indian Journal of Medical Med know Publications
3. American Journal of Wolters Kluwer

ONLINE RESOURCES

• NICE Guidelines for HTN:https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng136
• Diabetes: https://professional.diabetes.org/standards-of-care/practice-guidelines- resources