P. K. Viswanathan serves as Professor (Economics) with specialised interests in the Economics of Natural Resources Management and Sustainability. He has a PhD in Economics from the Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bangalore (Mysore University). His research and teaching interests relate to Economics of Natural Resources Management; Agrarian Transformation and Rural livelihoods; Aspects of Technology, Institutions, Policies and Governance; Climate Change impacts on natural resources, environment and agriculture; Conservation of Biodiversity and Ecosystems; Sustainable energy policy; Globalisation and its impacts on Agriculture and Trade; Welfare Impacts of Trade Certifications in India’s Plantation Sector, etc.
Qualifications
- PhD (Economics), Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC), Bangalore [Mysore University] (2003)
- Postdoc (Environment, Resources and Development), Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok (2005)
- Postdoc (Demographic and Socio-Economic Surveillance System, Thailand), Institute for Population and Social Research (IPSR), Mahidol University, Thailand (2006)
Professional Experience
|
Period |
Position |
Institutional Affiliation |
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
From |
To |
||
| 31 October 2016 | Continue | Professor (Economics and Sustainability) | Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Department of Management, Kochi, Kerala |
| 14 May 2007 | 30 October 2016 | Associate Professor | Gujarat Institute of Development Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat |
| 15 July 2013 | 14 September 2013 | International Consultant | Agricultural Census Studies, FAO of the United Nations, Vientiane, Lao PDR |
|
1 February 2010 |
30 November 2010 |
Research Scientist | Regional & Rural Development Planning, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok, Thailand |
| 1 May 2006 | 30 April 2007 | Visiting Fellow | Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Thailand |
| 1 March 2006 | 30 April 2006 | Lee Hysan Visiting Scholar | Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
| 1 January 2005 | 31 January 2006 | Post-Doctoral Fellow | School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok, Thailand |
| 1 November 1994 | 31 December 2006 | Scientist (Economics) & Economist | Rubber Research Institute of India (Government of India, Ministry of Commerce and Industry), Kottayam, Kerala |
| 20 October 1992 | 31 October 1994 | Doctoral Fellow | Institute for Social & Economic Change, Bangalore, Karnataka |
| 1 March 1991 | 19 October 1992 | Research Assistant | Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum, Kerala |
TEACHING
- Environmental Management and Sustainable Development (Core)
Current Research & Writing Projects
- “Fair Trade certified Tea in the Hired Labour Sector: An impact study and baseline data collection”, supported by Fairtrade International, in collaboration with International Institute of Social Studies (ISS), Erasmus University Rotterdam, Centre for Poverty Analysis (CEPA), Colombo; Centre for Development Studies (CDS), Trivandrum; and Gujarat Institute of Development Research (GIDR), Ahmedabad, March 2015 – December 2016.
- Book under processing for publication by Springer, titled, “Employment Guarantee Programme and Dynamics of Rural Transformation in India: Challenges and Opportunities”, Edited by M. Bhattarai, P.K. Viswanathan, Rudra N. Mishra and Cynthia Bantilan (forthcoming, 2017).
Research projects undertaken during 2007-2016
|
No |
Title of research project |
Period |
Supporting Agency |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
Farmers Adoption of Bt Cotton in India: A study in Maharashtra and Gujarat (with N. Lalitha, GIDR Ahmedabad as Principal Investigator) |
2007-09 |
Oxfam, USA |
|
2 |
Water Policy and Water Laws in India: A Critical Review of Structural and Institutional Impediments and Governance Systems and Outlook for Future (with R. Parthasarathy, GIDR Ahmedabad) |
2009-10 |
International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Colombo (through Hyderabad office) |
|
3 |
Challenges, Opportunities and Imperatives for Techno-Economic-Institutional Reforms under Trade Liberalisation: Case Studies of Tea and Rubber Plantations (with Amita Shah, GIDR Ahmedabad) |
2009-10 |
South Asia Network of Economic Research Institutes (SANEI), Bangladesh |
|
4 |
Socio-Economic and Ecological Benefits of Mangrove Plantations: A Study of Community Based Mangrove Restoration Activities in Gujarat |
2009-10 |
Gujarat Ecology Commission (GEC), Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar |
|
5 |
Impact of Industrialisation and its related activities on the Marine National Park, Jamnagar (with Jyoti Parikh, IRADe, New Delhi) |
2010 |
Integrated Action for Research and Development (IRADe), New Delhi |
|
6 |
Assessing the Poverty Impact of Social and Voluntary Standards under the Fair Trade: A study of Tea Plantations |
2010 |
Natural Resources Institute (NRI), Greenwich University, UK |
|
7 |
An Economic Evaluation of Revitalisation of Village Tanks in Gujarat |
2011-12 |
Gujarat Land Development Corporation (GLDC), Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar |
|
8 |
Trends and Determinants of Agricultural Power Consumption and Distribution Losses: An analysis of agricultural feeders across power distribution companies in Gujarat |
2012-13 |
Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission (GERC), Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar |
|
9 |
Regional Dimensions of Emerging Labour Shortage in Rubber Plantation Sector in Kerala: An Exploratory analysis |
2013 |
National Research Programme on Plantation Development (NRPPD), CDS Trivandrum |
|
10 |
Capacity Building Programme on Agricultural Water Demand Management (with M. Dinesh Kumar, IRAP, Hyderabad) |
2013 |
Cap-Net/ UNDP |
|
11 |
Socio-Economic Survey for Review Report on Impacts of Employment and Social Protection Policies (ie. NREGA) on Rural Livelihoods in India: Village Case studies in Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh (with Rudra N Mishra, GIDR Ahmedabad) |
2012-14 |
International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad |
|
12 |
Techno-Economic and Social Impacts of Water Saving Technologies in Agriculture: A case study of PINS & MIS in Gujarat (with Chandrasekhar Bahinipati, GIDR Ahmedabad) |
2014 |
Gujarat Water Resources Development Corporation (GWRDC), Gandhinagar |
|
13 |
Compatibility of Institutional Architecture for Rubber Plantation Development in North East India from a comparative perspective of Kerala |
2014 |
National Research Programme on Plantation Development (NRPPD), CDS Trivandrum |
|
14 |
Public Investments for Water Sector Development in Kerala: A Post Facto Analysis of Major & Medium versus Minor Irrigation Projects in a comparative perspective |
2013-14 |
State Planning Board (SPB), Government of Kerala |
|
15 |
Economic Evaluation of Bt Cotton Adoption in Gujarat (with N. Lalitha, GIDR Ahmedabad as Principal Investigator) |
2013-14 |
Directorate of Agriculture, Government of Gujarat |
|
16 |
Social and Economic Impacts, Institutional and Policy Constraints in the Adoption of Water Saving Technologies in Agriculture: A Comparative Study of Micro Irrigation Systems in India (with Jharna Pathak and Chandrasekhar Bahinipati, GIDR Ahmedabad) |
2013-15 |
Indian Council of Social Science Research, New Delhi |
|
17 |
Peasant Migration and Plantation Development in Kerala: Changes in the local economy, society and the agrarian landscape in the Erstwhile Malabar Region |
2014 |
National Research Programme on Plantation Development (NRPPD), CDS Trivandrum |
|
18 |
Enhancing Agriculture Livelihoods in Coastal Areas: A study of the climate change resilient agriculture and farm management interventions in Gujarat, Western India (with Jharna Pathak and Madhusudan Bandi, GIDR Ahmedabad) |
2015-16 |
Coastal Salinity Prevention Cell Ahmedabad and Sir Ratan Tata Trust, Mumbai |
|
19 |
Will Climate Change Adaptation Enhance Farm Productivity? A Study of Micro-Irrigation Systems (MIS) in Gujarat, India (with Chandrasekhar Bahinipati, GIDR Ahmedabad, as Principal Investigator) |
2015-16 |
South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics (SANDEE), Kathmandu, Nepal |
|
20 |
State of Social Science Research in India: An overview of International Collaborations and Research (with Parthasarathy and Madhusudan Bandi, GIDR Ahmedabad) |
2016 |
Indian Council of Social Science Research, New Delhi |
NRPPD-CDS Discussion Papers
-
Viswanathan, P.K. Amita Shah (2012): ‘Gender Impact of Trade Reforms in Indian Plantation Sector: An Exploratory Analysis’, NRPPD Discussion Paper 17, Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum, Kerala, 69p. http://cds.edu/admin/homeFiles/nrppd%2017.pdf
-
Viswanathan, P.K. (2013): Regional dimensions of emerging Labour shortage in rubber Plantation sector in Kerala: An exploratory analysis, NRPPD Discussion Paper 27, Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum, 86p. http://cds.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/NRPPD27.pdf
-
Viswanathan, P.K. and Indraneel Bhowmik (2014): ‘Compatibility of Institutional Architecture for Rubber Plantation Development in North East India from a Comparative Perspective of Kerala, NRPPD Discussion Paper 38, 71p. http://cds.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/NRPPD-38.pdf
-
Viswanathan, P.K. (2015): Farmer Migration and Agrarian Transformation in Kerala: Impacts on the Local Economy, Society and the Agrarian Landscape in the Erstwhile Malabar Region, NRPPD Discussion Paper 43, 38p. Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum http://cds.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/43_ViswanathanII.pdf
-
Indraneel Bhowmik and P.K. Viswanathan (2015): Emerging Labour Relations in The Small Rubber Plantations of Tripura, NRPPD Discussion Paper 47, Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum, 33p. http://cds.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/47_Indraneel.pdf
Invited Lectures (Since 2012)
- Delivered a talk “Challenges of Agricultural Development in Kerala” at the Colloquia at the Department of Management, Kochi, Kerala, on 28 February 2012.
- Delivered a lecture, “Agriculture Transition in Asia: Challenges and Perspectives on Future Research” on 8 March 2012 at the Workshop on Methods of Research and Proposal Writing (March 5-10, 2012) Mizoram University, Aizawl, Jointly orgnaised by Department of Economics, Mizoram University, Aizawl & OKD Institute of Social Change and Development, Guwahati.
- Delivered a lecture, “From Jhuming to Tapping: An analysis of rubber development programme in NE States in India”, on 8 March 2012 at the Workshop on Methods of Research and Proposal Writing (March 5-10, 2012) Mizoram University, Aizawl, Jointly organised by Department of Economics, Mizoram University, Aizawl & OKD Institute of Social Change and Development, Guwahati.
- Delivered 2 lectures, viz., “Inclusive Growth: understanding it”, and “Inclusive Growth and Agriculture Development in India: Challenges and way forward” at the UGC Sponsored Two-Day National Seminar on “Inclusive Growth: Economic, Institutional and Rights Perspectives” March 8-9, 2013, at PSG College of Arts & Science College, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.
- Delivered 2 lectures on “Longitudinal Data Analysis in Social Science Research: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations” at the ICSSR Research Methodology Workshop held on 23 March 2013, at the Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai.
- Delivered a lecture on “Agriculture and Environment in the Indian Context: A Critical Assessment”, Refresher Course on Macro Economics with Special Reference to Indian Economic System, held on 17 May 2013, at the Sardar Patel Institute of Economic and Social Research, Ahmedabad.
- Delivered lectures on: (a) “Agricultural Water Management: Socio-Economic and Policy Challenges”; (b) “Institutional and Policy Reforms in Indian Water Sector: A critical assessment”; and (c) “Climate Variability and Water Insecurity in India” at the Training Workshop on Agricultural Water Demand Management, held during 21-25 October 2013, at Ahmedabad, supported by Cap-Net and UNDP.
- Delivered lectures on: (a) “Factor analysis and Principal Component Analysis; (b) Database on Indian Agriculture; (c) Database on Environment”, at the National Workshop on ‘Research Methodology for Social Sciences’ held at GIDR Ahmedabad during 25 February – 06 March 2014.
- Delivered a lecture on “Investment Strategies and Technology Options for Sustainable Agriculture Development in India: Challenges and Way Forward”, at Christ College, Irinjalakuda, as part of the Alumni Lecture Series organised by the Research Department of Economics on 13th January 2015.
- “Regression and Multivariate Analysis”, Lecture delivered on 23rd September 2015, at the Building Capacity of the Technical Cadre of the Directorate of Economics and Statistics in Statistical Methods and Analysis, 23-25 September 2015, held at GIDR Ahmedabad, jointly organised by the Department of Economics and Statistics, Government of Gujarat and the UNICEF, Gandhinagar.
- “Land, Water and Coastal Resources and Livelihoods in Gujarat: Data and Analysis”, Lecture delivered on 24th September 2015, at the Building Capacity of the Technical Cadre of the Directorate of Economics and Statistics in Statistical Methods and Analysis, 23-25 September 2015, held at GIDR Ahmedabad, jointly organised by the Department of Economics and Statistics, Government of Gujarat and the UNICEF, Gandhinagar.
- Delivered four lectures on: “Analysis of Livelihoods” and a lecture on “Data Analysis” for Masters’ Students at the Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, on 23rd November 2015 and 27 November 2015.
- Delivered two Lectures on: (a) ‘Data Collection Techniques and Sampling in Social Research’; and (b) ‘Selection of Research Sample and Sampling Techniques’, at the Research Methodology Workshop for Ph.D. Scholars In Social Sciences, Sponsored by Indian Council of Social Sciences Research, New Delhi, Organized by Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 11 March 2016.
- Delivered four Lectures on: ‘Natural Resources Management and Conservation: Policies, interventions and Evaluation Methods’, at the Workshop on ‘Program Monitoring and Evaluation in NRM’, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 7th – 8th April, 2016.
- Delivered two lectures on: (a) Writing Research Proposals; and (b) Database on Indian Economy, at the Two Day National Workshop on Research in Economics, organised by the Kerala Economic Association at Kottayam, Kerala during 30-31 July 2016.
- Delivered a lecture on: ‘Conventional and Non-conventional sources of Data’, at the Orientation Programme on Social Science Research for Research Scholars and Faculty Members, supported by ICSSR, 2-4 August 2016, GIDR Ahmedabad.
Referee (Journals)
- Water Resources Bulletin Journal (American Water Resources Association)
- Water Policy (International Water Association)
- Agroforestry Systems (Springer)
- Journal of Gender Studies (Taylor & Francis, UK)
- Community Development Journal (Routledge)
- European Journal of Development Research (Palgrave Macmillan)
Membership in Academic Societies/ Professional Bodies
- Alumni, Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bangalore, India
- Alumni, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok
- Alumni, Institute for Population Research, Mahidol University, Thailand
- Asian Society of Agricultural Economists
- International Society for Development and Sustainability (ISDS), Japan
- Green Growth Knowledge Platform (GGKP), Switzerland
- Life Member, Kerala Economic Association
Other Academic Credentials
- External Expert, Research Advisory Committee, Department of Economics, Tripura University, Agartala
- Member, Student Advisory Committee, CEPT University, Ahmedabad
- External Examiner for PhD, Cochin University of Science & Technology, Cochin, Kerala
- External Examiner for PhD, University of Calicut, Kerala
- External Examiner for PhD, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi
- External Examiner for MPhil & PhD, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar
- PhD Guide, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad
- Member, Board of Studies of Economics, Christ College, Irinjalakuda, Kerala
- Series Editor & Coordinator, Working Paper Series, GIDR, Ahmedabad (2008-2010 & 2011-2016)
- Series Editor & Coordinator, Occasional Paper Series, GIDR, Ahmedabad (2011-2016).
Scholarships/ Awards
- May 2006 – May 2007, Postdoctoral Research Fellowship, Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Thailand.
- March – April 2006: Lee Hysan Visiting Fellowship, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
- January – December 2005, Post Doctoral Research Fellowship, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok, Thailand.
- October 1992 - September 1996: PhD Fellowship, Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC), Bangalore, India
- National Merit Scholarship from 1985 to 1988 for Graduate studies
- Cultural Scholarship (1983 to 1988) for Literary Competitions in Sanskrit, Calicut Uty.
Publications
| Year of Publication | Title |
|---|---|
|
2017 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Parthasarathy, R., and Bandi, M., “International Collaborations as Research Infrastructure”, in Social Science Research in India: Status, Issues and Policies, New Delhi: Oxford University Press & Indian Council of Social Science Research, 2017, pp. 139-172. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Bhowmik, I., “Compatibility of Policy and Institutional Regimes for Rubber Monoculture Plantation Development in Diverse Social and Agro-Ecological Environments: A Study in the Indian Context”, in Monoculture Farming: Global practices, Ecological Impact and Benefits /Drawbacks, 2016, pp. 1-37. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and C.S., B., “Determinants of Adopting and Accessing Benefits of Water Saving Technologies: A Study of Public Tube Wells with MI Systems in North Gujarat”, in Micro Irrigation Systems in India: Emergence, Status and Impacts in Select Major States, Singapore: Springer Science + Business Media, 2016, pp. 133-154. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Jharna, P., and S., B. C., “State of Development and adoption of Micro Irrigation Systems in Gujarat”, in Micro Irrigation Systems in India: Emergence, Status and Impacts in Select Major States, Singapore: Springer Science + Business Media, 2016, pp. 71-89. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Shah, A., “Gender impact of trade reforms in India: An analysis of tea and rubber production sectors”, in Globalisation, Development and Plantation Labour in India, New Delhi: Routledge, 2016, pp. 234-265. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Labour shortage in rubber sector in Kerala: An analysis”, in Globalisation, Development and Plantation Labour in India, New Delhi: Routledge India, 2016, pp. 196-233. |
|
2016 |
K. J. Joseph and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Globalisation, inclusive development and plantation labour: an introduction”, in Globalisation, Development and Plantation Labour in India, New Delhi: Routledge, 2016, pp. 1-26. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Trade-Offs Between Industrial Growth and the Environmental Protection: an Analysis of the Policy Responses and Implementation in Gujarat”, in Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection, New Delhi: Bookwell India Publishers, 2016, pp. 1-29. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Multifunctional Benefits of Community-Based Mangrove Restoration in Gujarat: An Analysis”, in Nature, Economy and Society: Understanding the Linkages, New Delhi: Springer (for Indian Society for Ecological Economics), 2016, pp. 243-265. |
|
2015 |
A. Soonthorndhada, Dr. Viswanathan P. K., and Kittisuksathit, S., “Promoting rural women’s economic dynamism: a case study on participation in income generating activities in Kanchanaburi”, in Translating Women’s experience into Classroom Teaching: Gender and Development Cases in ASEAN and Korea, Seoul: Korean Women Development Institute (KWDI), 2015, pp. 79-108. |
|
2015 |
C. S. Bahinipati, Patnaik, U., and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “What causes economics losses from natural disasters in India”, in Handbook of Research on Climate Change Impact on Health and Environmental Sustainability, IGI Global Publisher , 2015, pp. 157-175. |
|
2015 |
M. Bandi and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “India: Determinants and Challenges of Sustainable Forest Governance”, in Multi-level Forest Governance in Asia: Concepts, Challenges and the Way Forward, New Delhi: Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd, 2015, pp. 40-66. |
|
2015 |
N. Lalitha and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Do Farmers Make an Informed Choice?:An Analysis of the Selection of Seeds and Insecticides by Cotton Growers in Gujarat”, in India’s Tryst with Bt Cotton-Learning from the First Decade, New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd., 2015, pp. 182-220. |
|
2015 |
N. Lalitha and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Development of Agri-biotechnology: An Overview”, in India’s Tryst with Bt Cotton-Learning from the First Decade, New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd., 2015, pp. 1-33. |
|
2015 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Lalitha, N., “Wheeling the Bt Technology on the IPM Cart A Case for Environmentally Sustainable Crop Protection Practices for Cotton in India”, in India’s Tryst with Bt Cotton-Learning from the First Decade, New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd., 2015, pp. 240-273. |
|
2015 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Water Scarcity and pollution in South and Southeast Asia: Problems and Challenges”, in Routledge Handbook of Environment and Society in Asia, London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2015, pp. 197-215. |
|
2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Shah, A., “Has Indian Tea Plantation Sector weathered the Crisis? An assessment in the Post-reforms Context”, in Globalization and Standards: Issues and Challenges in Indian Business, New Delhi: Springer India, 2014, pp. 275-291. |
|
2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Will Neoliberal Policies and Regulations Resolve Our Water Sector Dilemmas?: Learning from Maharashtra and Gujarat”, in Neoliberal State and Its Challenges, New Delhi: Aakar Books, 2014, pp. 257-300. |
|
2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Community Based Mangrove Restoration as Instruments of Conserving Marine Biodiversity and the Protected Areas: An Exploratory Analysis from Gujarat”, in Biodiversity Conservation in India: Management Practices, Livelihood Concerns and Future Options, New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd, 2014, pp. 249-283. |
|
2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Pathak, J., “Economic Growth and the State of Natural Resources and the Environment in Gujarat: A Critical Assessment”, in Growth or Development: Which Way is Gujarat Going, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014, pp. 380-432. |
|
2013 |
N. Lalitha and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Bt Cotton Cultivation in Gujarat: Emerging Issues and Environmental Challenges”, in Knowledge Systems of Societies for Adaptation and Mitigation of Impacts of Climate Change, Environmental Science and Engineering, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2013, pp. 285-301. |
|
2013 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Conservation, Restoration, and Management of Mangrove Wetlands Against Risks of Climate Change and Vulnerability of Coastal Livelihoods in Gujarat”, in Knowledge Systems of Societies for Adaptation and Mitigation of Impacts of Climate Change, Environmental Science and Engineering, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag , 2013, pp. 423-441. |
|
2013 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Investment strategies and technology options for sustainable agricultural development in Asia: challenges in emerging context”, in Water Management, Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture in Developing Economies, London/ New York: Earthscan/ Routledge, 2013, pp. 184-207. |
|
2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Integrated Rubber Farming and Livelihood Systems in Northeastern India”, in Agriculture and Changing Environment in Northeastern India, New Delhi/UK: Routledge (Taylor and Francis Group), 2012, pp. 263-288. |
|
2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Legal Pluralism and the Governance Crisis in India’s Water Sector: A critical Review of National and Sub-national policies and regulatory regimes”, in Amalendu Jyotishi, Sushanta Mahapatra and Maarten Bavinck (Eds.), Legal Pluralism in Natural Resource Management: South and South-East Asian Perspectives, New Delhi: Excel India Publishers, 2012, pp. 35-55. |
|
2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Lalitha, N., “GM Technology and Sustainable Agriculture Future: Some Reflections Based on Bt Cotton Experience in Maharashtra and Gujarat”, in Gandhi, Environment and Sustainable Future, New Delhi: Institute of Gandhian Studies Wardha (Maharashtra) and Gandhi Peace Foundation, 2011, pp. 144-174. |
|
2010 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Thapa, G. B., Routray, J. K., and Ahmad, M. M., “Challenges facing Asian smallholder agriculture: A synthesis of five country studies”, in Agricultural Transition in Asia: Trajectories and Challenges, Bangkok: Asian Institute of Technology, 2010, pp. 182-230. |
|
2010 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Thapa, G. B., Routray, J. K., and Ahmad, M. M., “A Prelude to Agricultural Transition in Asia”, in Agricultural Transition in Asia: Trajectories and Challenges, Bangkok: Asian Institute of Technology, 2010, pp. 1-8. |
|
2010 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Lalitha, N., “Does GM Technology Pay Rich Dividends?: Farm Level Responses from BT cotton farmers in Maharashtra”, in Economic and Environmental Sustainability of the Asian Region, New Delhi: Routledge, 2010, pp. 391-414. |
| Year of Publication | Title |
|---|---|
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Pathak, J., and Bandi, M., “Enhancing Agriculture Livelihoods in Coastal Areas in Gujarat: A Study of the Impacts of KVY Interventions, Report Submitted to Coastal Salinity Prevention Cell (CSPC)”, Coastal Salinity Prevention Cell (CSPC), Ahmedabad, 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “State Investment for Water Sector Development in Kerala: A Post Facto Analysis of Major and Medium versus Minor Irrigation Projects in a comparative perspective”, State Planning Board, Government of Kerala, 2016. |
|
2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Lao Census of Agriculture 2010/11: Analysis of Selected Themes, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Government of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Vientiane”, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Lao PDR, Vientiane, 2014. |
|
2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Trends and Determinants of Agricultural Power Consumption and Distribution Losses: An analysis of agricultural feeders across power distribution companies in Gujarat”, Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission, 2014. |
|
2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Bahinipati, C., “Techno-Economic and Social Impacts of Water Saving Technologies in Agriculture: A Case Study of PINS/MIS in Gujarat, Report submitted to the Gujarat Water Resources Development Corporation Ltd.”, Gujarat Water Resources Development Corporation Ltd., Gandhinagar, 2014. |
|
2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “An Economic Evaluation of Revitalisation of Village Tanks in Gujarat”, Gujarat Land Development Corporation Ltd, Gandhinagar, 2012. |
|
2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Pathak, K. D., and Mehta, I., “Socio-Economic and Ecological Benefits of Mangrove Plantation: A Study of Community Based Mangrove Restoration Activities in Gujarat”, Gujarat Ecology Commission (GEC), Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad, 2011. |
|
2010 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Parikh, J., “Impact of industrialisation and related Activities on marine protected areas: A Case Study of Marine National Park, Jamnagar District in Gujarat”, IRADe, New Delhi, 2010. |
|
2009 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Parthasarathy, R., “Water Policy and Water Laws in India: A Critical Review of Structural and Institutional Impediments and Governance Systems and outlook for future”, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Hyderabad, 2009. |
|
2009 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Shah, A., “Challenges, Opportunities and Imperatives for Techno-Economic and Institutional Reforms under Trade Liberalisation: Case Studies of Tea and Rubber Plantation Sectors in India”, The South Asia Network of Economic Research Institutes (SANEI), 2009. |
|
2006 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “A Comparative Study of Smallholder Rubber and Rubber integrated Farm Livelihood Systems in India and Thailand”, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, 2006. |
|
2004 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Infrastructure Development for Utilisation of Water Resources in Kerala:Current status and perspective for future with special reference to long pending irrigation projects”, State Planning Board, Government of Kerala, 2004. |
| Year of Publication | Title |
|---|---|
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Adoption of Micro-Irrigation Systems in India: An assessment with special reference to Gujarat”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Incentives, Diffusion of Micro-Irrigation Technologies and Resource Utilization: Evidence from Water Scarce Regions of Gujarat, India”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Emerging Vulnerabilities in India’s Plantation Economy”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Irrigation Capital Subsidies, Diffusion of Water Conservation Technologies & Resource Utilization: Evidence from Gujarat, India”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Collapsed Resources and Distressed Communities: A case for Eco-restoration of degraded Village Commons in Gujarat, Western India”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Household Adoption and Impacts of KVY Interventions in Salinity Affected Villages in Gujarat: An Analysis”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Enhancing Agriculture Livelihoods in Coastal Areas in Gujarat: A Study of the Impacts of KVY Interventions”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Compatibility of Policy and Institutional Regimes for Rubber Plantation Development in Diverse Social and Agro-Ecological Environments in India”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Techno-Economic and Social Impacts of Water Saving Technologies in Agriculture: A study of PINS/MIS in Gujarat”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “State of Social Science Research in India: An overview of International Collaborations and Research”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Water Security Challenges of South and South East Asia: Mainstreaming Local Governance Institutions”. 2016. |
|
2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Adoption and Diffusion of Micro-Irrigation Systems in Gujarat: Do Institutions and Policies Matter?”. 2016. |
|
2015 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Looking Beyond the Tariff Regime: An assessment of the trends and prospects of water tariff based regulatory interventions in Gujarat”. 2015. |
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2015 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Labour Relations in Rubber Plantations in Tripura”. 2015. |
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2015 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Peasant Migration and Plantation Development in Kerala: Changes in the local economy, society and the agrarian landscape in the Erstwhile Malabar Region”. 2015. |
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2015 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Do Policies and Interventions Resolve the Emergent ‘Resource Efficiency Curse’ problems in India?: A Review of Water and Rural Energy Policies in Maharashtra and Gujarat”. 2015. |
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2015 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Will the Recent Development Initiatives take Gujarat to the Green Growth Path?: Some reflections on the sectoral policies and interventions”. 2015. |
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2015 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Determinants of Adopting and Accessing Benefits of Environmentally Benign Technologies: A study of Micro Irrigation Systems in North Gujarat, Western India”. 2015. |
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2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Will climate change adaptation enhance farm productivity? A study of Micro-Irrigation Systems (MIS) in Gujarat, India”. 2014. |
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2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Comparative Economics, Social and Environmental Responsibilities of New Generation Agricultural Technologies in India: An outlook for sustainable future”. 2014. |
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2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Impact of MGNREGA Program on Income, Assets Creation, and Food Security: Evidence from Selected Semi-Arid Tropic (SAT) Villages in India”. 2014. |
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2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Gendered Impacts of MGNREGA: Evidence from Selected Semi-Arid Tropics (SAT) Villages in India”. 2014. |
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2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Will Policies and Interventions contain the harmful Water-Energy Nexus in Agriculture?: A Study of two contrasting scenarios in Gujarat”. 2014. |
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2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Agricultural Intensification and its Implications on Farm Level Energy Consumption and Power Distribution Losses in Gujarat: A Critical Assessment”. 2014. |
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2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “The Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts of Micro-Irrigation Systems (MIS) in India: A Study of Public Tubewells in Gujarat, Western India”. 2014. |
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2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Prospects and Challenges of Rubber Development and Expansion in India’s North Eastern Region”. 2014. |
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2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Transforming National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme as an Instrument for Gender Mainstreaming in India: An assessment of potential and challenges”. 2014. |
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2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Compatibility of Institutional Architecture for Rubber Plantation Development in North East India from a comparative perspective of Kerala”. 2014. |
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2013 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Lao Census of Agriculture”. 2013. |
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2013 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Impact Evaluation of BT Cotton Cultivation in India: a Case Study of Gujarat”. 2013. |
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2013 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Trends in Agriculture Power Consumption among Farmers in Gujarat: A study of districts covered under the PGVCL”. 2013. |
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2013 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Why villages do not transform as theoreticians perceive? Reflections from Chatha village in Gujarat”. 2013. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “MGNREGA - The paradigm shift in employment generation and livelihood impacts: findings across states”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “From Jhuming to Tapping: An analysis of rubber development programme in NE States in India”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Environment and Institutions: Policy Initiatives and Challenges”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Developing Vulnerability Indices for Detecting the Climate Change Impacts on Land Use and Agriculture in India”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Regional Dimensions of Emerging Labour Shortage in Rubber Plantation Sector in Kerala: An Exploratory analysis”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Integrating institutional and policy regimes for sustainable safety-net provisions: A case of the Kudumbashree initiatives in Kerala”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Policy and Institutional Dilemmas in Groundwater Governance in India: A critical assessment”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Development as Destruction: the state of natural resources and environment in Gujarat in the contemporary scenario”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Can NREGS Offer an Effective Instrument for Gender Mainstreaming in India?: An exploratory analysis”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Rationalisation of Agriculture in Kerala and its Implications on Natural Environment, Agro-Ecosystems and Livelihoods”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Conservation, Restoration and Management of Mangrove Wetlands against risks of Climate Change and Vulnerability of Coastal Livelihoods in Gujarat”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Developing Vulnerability Indices for Detecting the Climate Change Impacts on Land Use and Agriculture in India: An exploratory study in Maharashtra”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Increasing competitiveness through voluntary production standards in the Indian tea plantations: Implications for labour and environment”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Gender Impact of Trade Reforms in Indian Plantation Agriculture: A study of tea and rubber sectors”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Technology Diffusion and Adoption in Cotton Cultivation: Emerging Scenario in Gujarat”. 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “GM Technology: Economics, Environmental Compatibility and Social Responsibility- The case of Bt cotton in India”. 2012. |
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2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Neoliberal Policies and Water Sector Reforms in India”. 2011. |
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2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Development and Restoration of Mangrove Ecosystems in the Context of Emerging Climate Change Risks: Interventionist Policies and Outcomes in India”. 2011. |
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2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Pesticide Use in Cotton and the Need for Environmentally Sustainable Farm Management Standards in India”. 2011. |
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2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Mangroves and their multifunctionality: An analysis of the impacts of community based mangrove restoration in Gujarat”. 2011. |
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2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Setting Community Based Mangrove Restorations in an Ecosystem Conservation Perspective: Restoration outcomes on livelihoods and conservation challenges in the context of Gujarat, India”. 2011. |
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2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Asian Smallholder Agriculture in Transition: Challenges and Way Forward”. 2011. |
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2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Economics of Bt Cotton in India: Moving Beyond the Conventional Perspectives”. 2011. |
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2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Community based mangrove restoration as instruments of conserving marine biodiversity and the protected areas: An exploratory analysis from Gulf of Kutch in Gujarat”. 2011. |
|
2010 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Agricultural Transition in Asia: Understanding Critical Facets and Developing Future Perspectives”. 2010. |
| Year of Publication | Title |
|---|---|
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2016 |
C. Sekhar Bahinipati and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Role of Institutions and Policies in Diffusion of Micro-irrigation in Gujarat, Western India”, Working Paper No. 231. GIDR , Ahmedabad, p. 31, 2016. |
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2014 |
M. Bandi and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Forest Governance Sustainability in India: Determinants and Challenges”, Working Paper No. 223. GIDR, Ahmedabad, p. 34, 2014. |
|
2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Rationalisation of Agriculture in Kerala and its Implications for Natural Environment, Agro-Ecosystems and Livelihoods”, Working Paper No. 211. GIDR, Ahmedabad, p. 37, 2012. |
|
2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Will Neoliberal Policies Resolve Water Sector Dilemmas? Learnings from Maharashtra and Gujarat”, Working Paper No. 202. GIDR, Ahmedabad, p. 44, 2011. |
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2010 |
N. Lalitha and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Pesticide Application in Bt Cotton Farms: Issues Relating to Environment and Non-Tariff Barriers”, Working Paper No. 198. GIDR , Ahmedabad, p. 35, 2010. |
|
2008 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Co-operatives and Collective Action: Case of a Rubber Grower Co-operative in East Garo Hills in Meghalaya, North East India’”. GIDR, Ahmedabad, p. 36, 2008. |
|
2007 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Critical Issues Facing China’s Rubber Industry in the Era of Market Integration: An analysis in retrospect and prospect”, Critical Issues Facing China’s Rubber Industry in the Era of Market Integration: An analysis in retrospect and prospect . Gujarat Institute of Development Research Gota, Ahmedabad, 2007.[Abstract] This paper discusses the emerging contradictions that may have serious implications for the sustainable growth and performance of China’s rubber industry in the era of internal restructuring and global market integration. The contradictions arise from the growing mismatch between shortage of resources (natural rubber and synthetic rubber) against the ever expanding rubber industry with thin regional spread of manufacturing base.While the dynamic growth of rubber industry in the pre-reforms era was achieved under a heavy import oriented trade policy regime, the sustenance of the same is fraught with serious challenges in the emerging global context affecting the economic performance of the rubber industry. Following a comprehensive analysis of development of rubber industry in retrospect, the paper suggests some important policy options for resolving the impasse and thereby sustaining the growth dynamism of the industry in the country in the era of market integration. Invariably, sustainable growth of the rubber industry in China calls for a thorough revamping of the state policies and devising virtually non-existent institutional development strategies covering a broad spectrum of activities, viz., a) demand and supply management; b) redefining the status of natural rubber as a strategic commodity and industrial raw material; c) strengthening property rights claims of the peasantry; and d) R&D investments facilitating rubber expansion to agro-ecologically suitable areas. Given that the global market integration would continue to stimulate the growth of the domestic rubber industry, the paper highlights that the issues at the production side are to be tackled on a priority basis. However, this would need China to make a rational choice between or a combination of alternatives, viz., a) strengthening the domestic natural rubber production sector; b) continue to follow import of NR and SR;and c) massive launching of rubber investment programmes in the neighbouring regions of the Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar and the Philippines. More »» |
| Year of Publication | Title |
|---|---|
|
2016 |
K. J. Joseph and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Globalisation, Development and Plantation Labour in India. London: Routledge/ New Delhi: Routledge India (South Asia Edition), 2016, p. XVII,277.[Abstract] This book provides a detailed examination of the impact of globalisation on plantation labour, dominated by women labour, in India. The studies presented here highlight the perpetuation of low wages, inferior social status and low human development of workers in this sector and point out the movement of labour away from this sector and the resultant labour shortage. It also highlights the perils involved in doing away with the Plantation Labour Act 1951 and provides a plausible way forward for improving the conditions of plantation workers. More »» |
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2016 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., M. Kumar, D., and Narayanamoorthy, A., Micro Irrigation Systems in India: Emergence, Status and Impacts. Singapore: Springer Science + Business Media, 2016.[Abstract] This book takes stock of micro irrigation systems (MIS), the technological intervention in India’s agricultural and water management sectors, over the past couple of decades. Based on empirical research from the major agriculturally dynamic states, viz., Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, the book provides a nuanced understanding and objective assessment of the implementation and adoption of MIS across these states. It addresses several of the questions related to adoption and impacts of MIS in India. On the adoption side, the key question that the book addresses is which segment of the farming community adopts MIS across states? The impacts analysed include those on physical, agronomic and economic aspects. At the macro level, the question being asked is about the future potential of MIS in terms of saving water from agriculture and making more water available for environment. The book also addresses the question of the positive/negative externalities and real social benefits and costs from the use of MIS, a major justification for heavy capital subsidies for its purchase by farmers. It also brings out certain critical concerns pertaining to MIS adoption, which need to be addressed through more empirical research based on longitudinal panel/ cross sectional data. The book would be of great use to researchers (agricultural water management, irrigation economics), students of water resource engineering, irrigation engineering and water resources management, as well as to policy makers and agricultural water management experts – national and international. More »» |
|
2015 |
N. Lalitha and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., India’s Tryst with Bt Cotton: Learning from the First Decade. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company Private Limited, 2015, p. XXVI, 294.[Abstract] This volume is quite unique and timely in terms of consolidating some of the most recent theoretical, R&D as well as empirical analyses of the performance outcomes and farm level responses. It is also timely as it unfolds the debate on the wider adoption of Bt technology, which addresses some of the apprehensions that prevail over the GM crop varieties. The volume provides a holistic perspective on the state of Bt cotton technology in India, in terms of presenting the institutional, R&D, policy regimes and regulatory environments, that are seemingly inadequate to address the veracity of challenges facing the technology and its legitimacy and social relevance in rendering future of cotton farming more sustainable and inclusive. To the best of our understanding, this volume is perhaps the first of its kind that engages with the critical aspects of Bt cotton adoption in India since its introduction in 2003. More »» |
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2010 |
G. B. Thapa, Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Routray, J. K., and Ahmad, M. M., Agricultural Transition in Asia: Trajectories and Challenges. Thailand: Asian Institute of Technology, 2010, p. 230. |
|
2010 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Economics of Land Development in Canal Commands: A Study of Surface Irrigation Systems in Kerala, India. GmbH & Co. KG, Germany: Lap Lambert Academic Publishing, 2010.[Abstract] This book examines the inter-face between the apparently divergent processes of irrigation and agricultural development in Kerala state and its implications on land development and water management practices, especially, adoption of On-Farm Development both at the system as well as farm levels. It offers a convincing explanation for the dismal performance of irrigation systems in the state in the context of cropping pattern changes from irrigated crops, mainly, paddy to dry/ perennial cash crops. As irrigation systems in Kerala are designed for rice, the decline in rice area resulted in the poor performance of irrigation systems. More »» |
| Year of Publication | Title |
|---|---|
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2015 |
N. Lalitha and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Technology Diffusion and Adoption in Cotton Cultivation: Emerging Scenario in Gujarat”, AgBioForum, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 1-12, 2015. |
|
2015 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Bahinipati, C., “Exploring the Socio-Economic Impacts of Micro-Irrigation System (MIS): A Case Study of Public Tube wells in Gujarat, Western India”, South Asia Water Studies Journal, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-25, 2015. |
|
2014 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “The rationalisation of agriculture in Kerala: implications for the natural environment, agro-ecosystems and livelihoods”, Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 63-107, 2014. |
|
2013 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Shah, A., “Trade Reforms and Crisis in India’s Plantation Industry: an analysis of Tea and Rubber Plantation Sectors”, Social Change & Development, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 31-85, 2013. |
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2013 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Lalitha, N., “Performance of Bt Cotton in Gujarat: Is there an evidence of Inclusive Agricultural Growth”, Productivity, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 39-53, 2013. |
|
2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Mandal, A., “NREGS As Instrument of Gender Mainstreaming: An Exploratory Analysis”, Man and Development, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 17-36, 2012. |
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2012 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Thapa, G. B., Routray, J. K., and Ahmad, M. M., “Agrarian Transition and Emerging Challenges in Asian Agriculture: A Critical Assessment”, Economic & Political Weekly, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 41-50, 2012. |
|
2011 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Co-operatives and Collective Action: Case of a Rubber Grower Co-operative in East Garo Hills in Meghalaya, North East India”, Social Change & Development, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 89-125, 2011. |
|
2010 |
G. B. Thapa, Dr. Viswanathan P. K., Routray, J. K., and Ahmad, M. M., “Understanding the Next Agricultural Transition in Asia: A Critical Review of Major Facets and Future Challenges”, Millennial Asia, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 215-239, 2010. |
|
2010 |
N. Lalitha and Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Pesticide Applications in Bt cotton Farms: Issues Relating to Environment and Non-Tariff Barriers”, Asian Biotechnology & Development Review, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 11-35, 2010. |
|
2010 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “GM technology and sustainable agriculture future: Empirical evidences from Bt cotton farmers in Maharashtra and Gujarat in India”, Journal of Development & Agricultural Economics, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 007-017, 2010.[Abstract] World agriculture is passing through a distinct phase of transformation, called the ‘second Green Revolution’ or Gene Revolution, in which modern biotechnology enables the production of genetically modified (GM) crops/ foods that are claimed to help resolve the pressing problems of food security, malnutrition and abject poverty in different parts of the world. However, there are apprehensions the world over that the GM technology as it unveils may have harmful consequences on sustainable livelihoods in view of the potential threats to food security and subsequent environmental and health challenges. Set in this broader context of GM tech induced agrarian transformation, this paper tries examining some of the potential challenges emerging from the unscrupulous expansion of GM crops in India with reference to Bt cotton. In doing so, the paper draws useful insights from the empirical evidences of the dynamics of Bt cotton adoption in the dominant cotton rowing states of Maharashtra and Gujarat in India. The analysis is based on farm household data gathered from five leading cotton growing districts in the two states. The paper observes that there is no clear way forward to sustain the initial dynamism cast by the introduction of Bt technology in India. A bright future for Indian agriculture with the presence of GM technology in general and Bt technology in particular, would essentially call for many reforms, development strategies and institutional and policy interventions covering a wide spectrum of activities ranging from restructuring the input markets to the output markets. India need also to learn from the experiences of other countries with respect to the performance of GM technology and evolve carefully devised strategies and action plans, which presuppose creation of new institutional or regulatory regimes or reinventing the existing ones so as to make a sustainable impact of the technology on the livelihoods of millions of cotton farmers as well as the century old cotton production sector in India More »» |
|
2009 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Thongthai, V., “Gender Differences in Educational Attainments and Occupational Status in Thailand: A study based on Kanchanaburi DSS Data”, Journal of Population & Social Studies, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 83-122, 2009. |
|
2008 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Emerging Smallholder Rubber Farming Systems in India and Thailand: A Comparative Economic Analysis”, Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 1-19, 2008.[Abstract] This paper provides a comparative perspective on the performance of smallholder rubber farm livelihood systems based on case studies of two regions in India and Thailand. The analysis of the emerging farming systems in the two countries’ rubber farms reveals that the rubber monocrop system is viable, provided prices remain remunerative and primary markets efficient. Findings further indicate the dominant contribution ofrubber production to the gross household income of the rubber growers in the integrated farming systems. Nevertheless, from a sustainable livelihoods perspective, the socioeconomic significance of the rubber integrated farming systems assumes greater prominence, given the fact that small producers are highly vulnerable to market uncertainties. It has been found that rubber integrated livelihood systems provide the smallholders with ample capability for resilience during crises and ensure a sustained flow of income. The two case studies demonstrate the need to promote and scale up rubber integrated farm livelihood systems in the smallholder-dominated rubber producing countries in the Asian region. The paper also recommends enhancing the capabilities of the smallholders by strengthening their access to the five forms of capital that sustain their livelihood. More »» |
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2008 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Global Market Integration and China’s Rubber Industry: Challenges and the Way Forward”, Asian Journal of Social Science, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 792-826, 2008. |
|
2008 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Sustainable Growth of China's Rubber Industry in the Era of Global Economic Integration: Resolving Contradictions of Resources Development and Industrial Expansion Strategies”, China Report, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 251-279, 2008.[Abstract] The article analyses the development and growth of the rubber industry in China since the reforms began. It reflects the contradictions arising from the mismatch between growing shortage of rubber vis-à-vis the dynamic and spatial growth of rubber-based industries. The article suggests some important policy options for sustaining the growth dynamism of the rubber industry in China, in the era of economic integration, which calls for a thorough revamping of state policies and evolving (virtually non-existent) institutional intervention strategies addressing a broad spectrum of activities, namely (a) demand and supply management; (b) redefining the status of natural rubber as a strategic commodity and potential industrial raw material; (c) strengthening property rights status of the rubber small producers; and (d) capital investment for research and development (R&D), facilitating the expansion of natural rubber (NR) cultivation to non-conventional areas. Given the fact that the global market integration would continue to stimulate the growth of the domestic rubber industry, the article highlights that the issues at the supply side management are to be tackled on a priority basis. However, addressing the supply side management issues would need China to make a rational choice between, or a combination of, at least four alternatives, namely (a) strengthening the domestic rubber production sector, particularly, NR; (b) continue to import NR and synthetic rubber (SR) from neighbouring countries; (c) invest in NR plantation development programmes in Laos, Vietnam or Myanmar with the involvement of foreign capital; and (d) exploring feasibility of enhanced substitution of NR with SR. The article also brings out the need for achieving synergy between development of natural rubber sector and rubber-based industrialisation processes in the country, so as to make the industry economically sustainable and globally competitive. More »» |
|
2008 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Shivakoti, G. P., “Integration of Tribal Economies in the Era of Globalisation: Perspectives on Rubber Based Farming Systems in North East India”, Asian Profile, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 281-298, 2008. |
|
2008 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Shivakoti, G. P., “Adoption of Rubber Integrated Farm Livelihood Systems: Contrasting Empirical Evidences from the Indian Context”, Journal of Forest Research, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1-14, 2008.[Abstract] This paper examines the influence of important socio-economic, institutional/policy level factors in determining the adoption/non-adoption of rubber-integrated farming systems in traditional and non-traditional rubber-growing regions in India. The empirical analysis is based on a survey of rubber growers in the traditional rubber regions of Kerala (south India) and the non-traditional rubber regions of Assam, Meghalaya, and Tripura (north east India). In sharp contrast to Kerala, where smallholder responses toward adoption of rubber-integrated farming systems have been lukewarm, the emerging rubber economies (most of which are tribal communities) of north east (NE) India have shown interest in adopting rubber as an integrated farming system along with pre-existing land-use livelihood activities. The study clearly demonstrates contrasting empirical evidence of adoption of rubber-integrated farm-livelihood systems in the rubber-growing regions in Kerala and the NE states in India. The contrasting scenarios of adoption of rubber-integrated farming systems are mostly explained by region-specific factors dominated by socio-economic, institutional variables, and policy-level constraints, as also revealed by multivariate analysis. By and large, the findings of the study have significant bearing on the socio-economic outcomes and the existing institutional development paradigm underlying the rubber-development programmes introduced in India since independence. The study shows that the existing institutional arrangements and policies, which evolved historically to facilitate rubber area expansion in the traditional regions (including Kerala), have been highly instrumental in perpetuating rubber farming as a monoculture system. However, such an institutional mechanism proves to be highly redundant in the context of the NE states which are otherwise diverse in terms of integrated farm-livelihood systems and shifting cultivation. More »» |
|
2007 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Shivakoti, G. P., “Conceptualising Sustainable Farm-livelihood Systems in the Era of Globalisation: A Study of Rubber Integrated Farm Livelihood Systems in North East India”, Social Change &Development, vol. 5, pp. 111-142, 2007.[Abstract] The effectiveness of shifting cultivation in achieving sustainable livelihoods in the mountainous terrains in general and tribal societies in particular still continue to be a major source of debate among researchers and policy makers with mutually contrasting and balanced views. However, there are growing evidences demonstrating the agrarian transition taking place even in the traditional shifting cultivation societies in terms of emergence of dynamic land use systems in the context of globalisation. The evolution of new farming systems are considered as responses and coping mechanisms towards the nascent free trade regime, wherein, the traditional farm-livelihood systems have not been able to cope with the drastic changes taking place; hence they have become less resilient, less efficient and economically unsustainable as per se. It is with this macro perspective of the emerging dynamic farming systems throughout the mountainous regions of the world, that the paper is set out to examine the rationale, scope and the need for conceptualising sustainable cash crop based dynamic farm-livelihood systems in the shifting agriculture dominant tribal societies in the North Eastern region (NER) in India. In particular, the paper develops indicators for assessment of sustainable livelihoods of rubber smallholders based on the livelihood asset pentagon comprising the five livelihood capital assets, viz., natural capital, physical capital, human capital, financial capital and social capital. The paper is based on empirical data collected from about 300 rubber small growers in the three NE states of Assam, Meghalaya and Tripura in India. While examining the current scenario of expansion of smallholder rubber cultivation in the region followed by a comparative assessment of the rubber versus co-existing farm-livelihood systems, the paper also dwells upon the institutional contexts within which the sustainable rubber integrated farm livelihood systems can be scaled up in the NE region facilitating empowerment and capacity building for collective action and mobilisation of social capital among the tribal communities in the region. The fact that India’s NER is strategically located in close proximity to the S& SE Asian countries, like Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and the Tibetan Region of China, also underscores the economic rationale and need for evolving sustainable rubber based farm livelihood systems for the region, which in turn, would act as a source of dynamism for growth in the tribal economies as also for carrying forward the process of economic integration of the NE region with the dynamic S& SE Asia. More »» |
|
2007 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Benefits of plant protection measures against abnormal leaf fall in rubber: an exploratory analysis in India”, Plant Protection Quarterly, vol. 22, pp. 67-71, 2007.[Abstract] This paper assesses the extent of crop loss in rubber plantations in India, measured in terms of loss in latex and timber output and its economic value and examines the comparative economics of plant protection measures against the Phytophtora induced abnormal leaf fall (ALF). It also reflects upon the policy imperatives with respect to region-specific R&D interventions on plant protection measures in India. The study demonstrates significant clonal differences in loss of latex and timber output in the absence of prophylactic spraying against ALF. The study also highlighted the need for evolving R&D interventions and agro-management/ plant protection measures for minimizing the incidence of tree loss in rubber plantations, as it amounts to loss of potential income for the dominant smallholder sector in India. More »» |
|
2006 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K. and Shivakoti, G. P., “Economic Integration of Tribal Societies in the Era of Globalisation: Perspectives on Rubber Based Farming Systems in North East India”, North East India Studies, vol. 1, pp. 80-106, 2006. |
|
2005 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., George, T., and Jacob, K. & C. Kuruv, “Crop Loss in Rubber Due to Abnormal Leaf Fall: An Analysis on the Economic Feasibility of Plant Protection Measures in India”, Journal of Plant Protection Research, vol. 45, pp. 235-248, 2005. |
|
2005 |
Dr. Viswanathan P. K., “Development Impasse in Kerala’s Agriculture: The Emerging Crisis and Conflicting Paradigms in the Post-reforms Era”, Indian Social Science Review, vol. 7, pp. 72-93, 2005. |
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