Course

Unit 1

Introduction to Atomization process – Factors influencing spray formation; Sheet and ligament formation and its breakup; Introduction to instability analysis for sheet and ligaments breakup; Drop size distribution – Mass distributions – Empirical Correlation; Secondary atomization – Drop collisions and coalescence; Trajectory of the drop motion and its interaction with surroundings – Interaction of drops pertaining to the applications involving in gas turbines, spray cooling, Different Types of Atomizer.

Unit 2

External spray characteristics – Cone angle – Radial and circumferential mass flux distributions; Measurement techniques – Drop sizing by Malvern and P/DPA – Drop velocity by P/DPA – Mass flux distribution via patternators and P/DPA.

Unit 3

Review of Chemical kinetics and chemical equilibrium, Activation energy, Combustion waves; Premixed flames: flame velocity, analytical models and flammability limits; Diffusion flames: droplet combustion, analytical models for droplet combustion; Aircraft combustors, geometry, combustor sizing; Injection, Ignition and flame stabilization, flame holding in high-speed combustion systems; Combustion instabilities, active and passive control of instabilities; Methods of combustor cooling. Introduction to supersonic combustion, the challenges, methods for mixing enhancement and flame stabilization.

Pre-Requisites: 23AEExxx AEROSPACE PROPULSION Course Objectives

To empower the students with the knowledge of atomization of fuels and other liquids in terms of spray forming and its characterization. Also, to impart the knowledge about the combustion process and its kinetics that happen in the combustor.

Course Outcomes

CO1: Understand the necessity of atomization of fuels and any other liquids.

CO2: Apply the fluid physics kinematics to understand spray formation and characterization methods for measuring spray quality.

CO3: Apply the knowledge of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics in understanding the fluid flow process and heat release rate in the combustor.

CO4: Apply the physical and chemical processes in understanding the thermodynamics behind combustion, flame propagation and flame stabilization techniques.

CO-PO Mapping

Evaluation Pattern

*CA – Can be Quizzes, Assignment, Projects, and Report

Text Book(s)

Stephen Turns, “An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and Applications”, 2^nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1999.

Lefebvre, A.H., McDonnel, V.G., Atomization and Sprays, 2^nd Edition, CRC Press, 2017.

L. Bayvel and Z. Orzechowski, Liquid Atomization, Taylor and Francis-Washington DC, 1993.

 Reference(s)

Chung K. Law, “Combustion Physics”, Cambridge University Press, 2010.

Kenneth Kuan-yun Kuo, “Principles of Combustion”, 2nd Edition, Wiley, 2005.

Eugene L. Keating , “Applied Combustion”, Second Edition, CRC Press, 2007.

Ashgriz, N., Hand Book of Atomization and Sprays: Theory and Applications, Springer Publishers, 2011.

Lin, S.P., Breakup of Liquid Sheets and Jets, Cambridge University Press, 2009.