Unit 1: Electric Forces and Fields
Electric forces, charges, conservation of charge, superposition of electric forces; electric fields,
calculation of electric fields of static discrete and continuous charge distributions; Gauss’ law and
determination of electric fields of simple symmetric charge distributions.
Unit 2: Electric Potential and Capacitors
Electrical potential energy and electric potential of discrete and continuous distributions of charges;
calculating electric field from potential; potential energy of system of point charges; capacitors and
dielectrics.
Unit 3: Basic Electronics
Conduction in metals, semiconductors and insulators, intrinsic semiconductors, n and p materials,
conduction by drift and diffusion, the p-n junction, Fermi level of p-n junction, diode equation, Hall
effect, diode characteristics, capacitance of a p-n junction, rectification, rectifier configurations for
power supplies, circuit applications of a diode as a switch, clipping, clamping, different types of
diodes – Zener diodes, LEDs, diode lasers, photodiodes, etc.
Voltage and current – resistors, voltage dividers, voltage and current sources, Thevenin’s theorem,
sinusoidal signals, signal amplitudes and decibels, other signals, logic levels, signal sources.
Unit 4: Transistors
Transistors – npn and pnp, transistor characteristics – CB, CE and CC configurations, relation
between α, β and γ, transistor switch, transistor biasing. Feedback circuits. Transistor action, emitter
follower, transistor applications as amplifier. RC coupled amplifier.
Unit 5: Digital Electronics
Digital electronics: digital versus analog, logic gates, truth table, discrete circuits for gates, logic
identities, minimization and Karnaugh maps. Basics of integrated circuit (IC).