Unit 1
Credit hours
30
THEORY
Disorders of the Cardiovascular system: Disorders of rhythm — Brady arrhythmias – Dysfunction of the SA and AV nodes — Tachyarrhythmias
Disorders of the heart — Congestive heart failure — Ischemic Heart disease (MI, Angina, Sudden cardiac death).— Valvular heart disease –Rheumatic Heart Diseases — Myocardial heart disease, Primary (essential) and secondary hypertension — pathogenesis and risk factors — effects of Hypertension on the heart, kidney, and brain.
Introduction to other heart diseases: cardiomyopathies and congenital HD Atherosclerosis and other forms of Arteriosclerosis — pathogenesis and risk factors
Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism Cardiac Function tests Disorders of the respiratory system:
General characteristics of respiratory disorders Classification of respiratory disorders
Upper and lower respiratory tract infections: common cold, influenza, pneumonia Obstructive respiratory disorders: Bronchial asthma, bronchitis, emphysema Restrictive respiratory disorders: Pneumothorax, Atelectasis
COPD, ARDS
Respiratory failure
Bronchiectasis — Cystic Fibrosis — Disorders of the pleura and the diaphragm Pulmonary Function Tests
Neoplasia:
Definition — Tumors — Benign and Malignant — Characteristics
Molecular basis of Cancers — Oncogenes — Activation — Tumor Suppressor Genes
Chemical carcinogenesis – stages
Radiation carcinogenesis Viral carcinogenesis Clinical features of cancers Host cell defenses
Grading of tumors
Diagnosis of cancers — histologic and molecular methods — Tumor markers
Unit 2
Credit hours
30
THEORY
Disorders of the Kidney and the urinary tract Clinical Manifestations of renal diseases (overview) Types, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of
Glomerular diseases: glomerulonephritis, nephrosis, nephritic syndrome Diseases affecting the tubules and interstitium —Pyelonephritis Diseases of the blood vessels — Nephrosclerosis
Urolithiasis
Acute and chronic renal failure
Voiding dysfunction, Incontinence, fluid-electrolyte balance, Renal function test
Disorders of the GI tract:
Pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of GERD and bile reflux- H. hernia Esophagitis
Gastritis- peptic ulcer
Vascular disease- Ischemic Bowel disease, haemorrhoids Enterocolitis- diarrhoea, dysentery
Constipation
Malabsorption syndromes-celiac sprue, Bacterial overgrowth syndrome and IIBD Colonic diverticulosis
Gastric Function tests Liver disorders:
Jaundice- abnormalities of bilirubin metabolism
Morphology and patterns of hepatic Injury- Necrosis, degeneration and Inflammation, regeneration and fibrosis
Inflammatory disease- viral hepatitis
Cirrhosis- etiology, alcohol and organ damage, Portal hypertension, ascites, splenomegaly, Hepatic failure
Hepatic encephalopathy pathogenesis and features
Cholelithiasis- pathogenesis and manifestations of cholesterol and pigment stones Cholestasis- Cholecystitis
Pancreatitis- chronic and acute Liver function tests.
F). Disorders of the Endocrine system:
Diseases of the thyroid —hypo and hyperthyroidism –diagnostic tests
Diabetes Mellitus- types, pathogenesis- metabolic derangements and metabolic alterations.
Complications of DM- Micro and macroangiopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, diabetic foot
Diagnostic tests
G) . Disorders of Reproductive system:
Etiology, Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of – Endometriosis, PCOS and STDs
