Course

Unit 1

Hours: 30

Introduction to Precision Nutrition and Nutritional Genomics :

The Human Genome, Introduction, Study, SNP, Definition of various terms-

Precision Nutrition, Personalized Nutrition, Nutrigenomics, Nutrigenetics, Exposome, Epigenetics, Gene variations, mutations, Epigenetics vs Epigenomics, Genotype & Phenotype, Differences between SNPs, Mutations and CNVs, The Genome of Rare and Complex Diseases, Genotype and Phenotype

Precision Medicine : Influence of Genetics and Environmental Factors in Complex Diseases, Gene- Nutrient Interaction, Need for Precision: The problem of Missing Heritability Concept of Interaction

Precision Nutrition vs. Community Nutrition, Current Basis of Nutritional Research Experimental Designs in Precision Nutrition, Omics Technologies and their Biomarkers, Epigenomics, Proteomics, Metabolomics, Metagenomics, Functional Genomics, Nutrigenetics, SNPs Associated with Nutrition-Related Diseases (Diet-Dependent), Vascular health, Cardiovascular diseases, Oxidative stress (eNOS SOD)

ApoE Metabolic Health, Obesity ( Snacking), Diabetes Type 2, Methylation Detoxification : Liver health

Circadian Rhythm and gene : Chronobiology, Appetite and Satiety, Central Clock Peripheral Clocks, Circadian Rhythm Hormones, Intake Control (Leptin and Ghrelin) Exercise Genotype: Adrenergic genotype, Food Specific Genotype : Caffeine, Lactose Gluten

Unit 2

Hours: 30

30

SNPs Predisposing to Complex Nutrition-Related Diseases – Genetic Risk Scores (GRS). Diet-gene interaction: polygenic risk score: Type II Diabetes, Hypertension Arteriosclerosis, Hyperlipidemia, Cancer

SNP vs. Allergies vs. Intolerances

Role of Bioactive Components of Diet on Gene Expression The Effect of Micro and Macro Nutrients on Gene Expression

Human Microbiota Composition Enterotypes and Diet, Microbiota and Metabolic Syndrome, Microbiota and Cardiovascular Diseases Effect of the Oral and Intestinal Microbiota, Gut-brain Axis, Microbiota and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Microbiota and Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Schizophrenia, Anxiety, Depression, Autism, Microbiota and Obesity

Gut microbiome and disease diagnosis and prognosis

Diet-Modulated MicroRNAs Nutrition Systems Biology:

Integrated approach toward personalized nutrition

Role of AI in Nutrition System and Precision Health

Course Description

It is a course which covers the advanced concepts of application of principles of precision nutrition in health and disease.

1. Integrate the concept of DNA, microbiome & metabolic responses to specific foods or dietary patterns, to determine personalized eating plan for wellness and illness.

2. Describe the principles of precision nutrition & medicine, focusing on the interaction between nutrients and human/microbial genes.

3. Identify genetic backgrounds contributing to individual differences in macro- and micronutrient metabolism

4. Comprehend the biochemical, physiological and molecular aspects of energy metabolism and inflammatory pathways that play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including roles of diet and dietary components

5. Apply the concept of nutrigenetics for designing clinical nutrition therapies and diet plans for disease management.

1. Arshad, Z., Bains, V.K., Jhingran, R., Madan, R., & Srivastava, R. (2017). Nutrigenomics: An Overview. Asian Journal of Oral Health & Allied Sciences, 7(2), 52.

2. Ayesha Nasir, Mir. M. Hassan Bullo, Zaheer Ahmed, Aysha Imtiaz, Eesha Yaqoob, Mahpara Safdar, Hajra Ahmed, Asma Afreen &Sanabil Yaqoob. (2020). Nutrigenomics: Epigenetics and cancer prevention: A comprehensive review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 60(8), 1375-1387. doi:10.1080/10408398.2019.1571480

3. Berná G, Oliveras-López MJ, Jurado-Ruíz E, Tejedo J, Bedoya F, Soria B, Martín F. (2014).Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics insights into diabetes etiopathogenesis. Nutrients, 6(11), 5338-5369. doi:10.3390/nu6115338

4. Fenech M, El-Sohemy A, Cahill L, Ferguson LR, French TA, Tai ES, Milner J, Koh WP, Xie L, Zucker M, Buckley M, Cosgrove L, Lockett T, Fung KY, Head R. (2011). Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics: viewpoints on the current status and applications in nutrition research and practice. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics, 4(2), 69-89. doi:10.1159/000327772

5. Ganesh S.B. & Sugumar, K. (2020). Nutrigenomics: A new direction in periodontics. International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences, 6(1), 146-149.

6. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. (2022). Precision Nutrition. The Nutrition Source.Retrieved from https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/precision-nutrition/

7. Helland MH, Nordbotten GL. (2021). Dietary Changes, Motivators, and Barriers Affecting Diet and Physical Activity among Overweight and Obese: A Mixed Methods Approach. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 18(20), 10582. doi:10.3390/ijerph182010582

8. Himanshu D, Ali W, Wamique M. (2020). Type 2 diabetes mellitus: pathogenesis and genetic diagnosis. J Diabetes MetabDisord, 19(2), 1959-1966. doi:10.1007/s40200-020-00641-x

9. Manoharan, S., & Kareem, N. (2020). Nutrigenomics In Periodontics – A Review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12(1), 1983-1986.

10. Meiliana, A., & Wijaya, A. (2020). Nutrigenetics, Nutrigenomics, and Precision Nutrition. Indones Biomed J, 12(3), 189-200.

11. Sushrut Jangi, Katie Hsia, Naisi Zhao, Carol A Kumamoto, Sonia Friedman, Siddharth Singh, Dominique S Michaud.Dynamics of the Gut Mycobiome in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2023 Oct 5:S1542-3565(23)00762-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.09.023

12. Guojun Wu, Naisi Zhao, Liping Zhao.Microbial-host isozyme: A novel target in “drug the bug” strategies for diabetes. Cell Metab, 2023 Oct 3;35(10):1677-1679. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.09.008.

13. Haslberger, Alexander G. (ed.) : Advances in precision nutrition, personalization, and healthy aging [ ] Cham. Springer, 2022. 978-3-031-10152-6