Publication

Abstract : This article suggests an open-ended coplanar waveguide band-pass filter using stepped-impedance resonators (SIR) and complementary split-ring resonators (CSRR) that operates at a wider bandwidth with higher band selectivity at 4G—LTE applications. The filter described here is collimated to work in the frequency range of 2.23–4.2 GHz. SIR is used to provide improved selectivity at 2.6 GHz and 3.5 GHz with a return loss of − 30 dB and an insertion loss of − 0.2 dB. Similarly, including CSRR in the design aided in attaining broader bandwidth by ensuring a low ripple value across the bandwidth. The fractional bandwidth of 61.3 percent and a 2 GHz broad band coverage is accomplished with a small footprint of (16 × 16 × 0.8) mm3. The decreased dimensions of the filter result in a group delay of 0.5 ns for maximum filter performance. By loading CSRR into the structure, it established double negative property in the simulated frequency range of interest. A vector network analyzer is used to evaluate system characteristics such as operational bandwidth, return loss, and insertion loss (VNA). The filter’s electrical size (0.19 × 0.19)λ compactness substantiates its application in 4G—LTE—WLAN/WiMaX standards.