Publication

Abstract : At the cutting edge of technical development, underwater acoustic communication presents an exciting and demanding area for both engineers and researchers. The sound speed in underwater majorly affects the signal propagation among the nodes and leads to high transmission losses. In addition, the variations of temperature, salinity, and depth are not symmetric in shallow and deep-water scenarios. Therefore, it is essential to conduct a comprehensive analysis and gain a thorough understanding of the acoustic velocity profile in the underwater environment to effectively deploy a network tailored for a specific application. The analysis and evaluation of the differences in the sound speed profile at various factors in both water scenarios is the main goal of this work. Furthermore, rather than using distance and frequency to estimate the transmission losses, alternative sound speeds have been used for both water scenarios. The simulation findings show that overall transmission losses are affected by variations in sound speed, and that these losses decrease by 17.6% when sound speed increases from 1530 to 1620 m/s. In shallow water the transmission losses are reduced by 3.89% when the acoustic velocity increased from 1450 to 1530m/s. whereas, in deep water the reduction in transmission losses obtained is 0.34% when the acoustic velocity is increased from 1470 to 1620 m/s.