Publication

Abstract : Malnutrition remains a major public health challenge in India, particularly among children and women of reproductive age. This study assessed the nutritional status of 779 participants from Bihar and 1122 from Chhattisgarh through comprehensive anthropometric and clinical assessments. Nutritional status was evaluated using five anthropometric indicators for children (0–5 and 6–18 years): weight-for-height, weight-for-age, height-for-age, BMI-for-age, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC)-for-age. For women aged 15–49 years, BMI and MUAC were used. Data quality was evaluated using z-score distributions, standard deviation (SD), outlier percentages, and measures of distributional normality. Comparative analyses revealed distinct regional differences in nutritional status, health indicators, and dietary patterns. Chhattisgarh showed a higher prevalence of overweight among women, whereas Bihar had greater levels of underweight and anaemia. Rice, dal, roti, and vegetables formed the staple diet in both states. However, Bihar reported relatively higher consumption of animal-source foods and leafy vegetables, while Chhattisgarh relied more on pulses, legumes, and gourds, with limited intake of animal proteins. These findings emphasize the need for context-specific, nutrition-sensitive interventions that address regional dietary deficiencies while building on existing food habits. Strengthening homestead food production, improving access to affordable protein- and micronutrient-rich foods, promoting dietary diversification through participatory nutrition education, and developing region-specific healthy plate recommendations can help reduce malnutrition. Tailoring interventions to local food practices, cultural preferences, and resource availability is essential for improving nutritional security among women and children and enhancing public health outcomes.