Course

Syllabus

Theory

History and concept of bio pesticides. Importance, scope and potential of bio pesticides. Definitions, concepts and classification of bio pesticides viz. Pathogen, botanical pesticides, and bio rationales. Botanicals and their uses. Mass production technology of bio-pesticides. Virulence, pathogenicity and symptoms of entomopathogenic pathogens and nematodes, Methods of application of bio pesticides. Methods of quality control and Techniques of bio pesticides. Impediments and limitation in production and use of bio pesticides. Biofertilizers – Introduction, status and scope. Structure and characteristics features of bacterial biofertilizers – Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium and Frankia; Cynobacterial bio fertilizers- Anabaena, Nostoc, Hapalosiphon and fungal biofertilizers – AM mycorrhiza and ectomycorhiza. Nitrogen fixation –Free living and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Mechanism of phosphate solubilisation and phosphate mobilization, K solubilisation. Production Technology: Strain selection, sterilization, growth and fermentation, mass production of carrier based and liquid biofertilizers. FCO specifications and quality control of biofertilizers. Application technology for seeds, seedlings, tubers, sets etc. Biofertilizers-Storage, shelf life, quality control and marketing. Factors influencing the efficiency of biofertilizers.

Practical

Isolation and purification of important biopestisides: Trichoderma Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Metarhizium etc. and its production. Identification of important botanicals. Visit to biopesticide laboratory in nearby area. Field visit to explore naturally infected cadavers. Identification of entomopathogenic entities in field condition. Quality control of biopesticides. Isolation and purification of Azospirillum, Azotobactor, Rhizobium, P-solubilizers and cyanobacteria. Mass multiplication and inoculums production of biofertilizers. Isolation of AM fungi- Wet sieving method and sucrose gradient method. Mass production of AM inoculants.

Objectives

i To provide knowledge on principles, methods, and mechanisms of bio-control agents and their use against plant diseases

ii. To provide knowledge on principles, methods, and mechanism of biofertilizers and their use in agriculture

Course Outcome:

Any student who has undergone the course shall be able to:

Suggested Readings

1. Boland G J and David L.1998. Plant Microbe Interactions and Biological Control. Kuykendall Marel Dekker, INC.
2. Borkar S G. 2015. Microbes as Biofertilizers and its Production Technology. WPI India. Ciancia A and Mukerji K J. 2007.
3. General Concepts of Integrated Pest and Disease Management. Edited Published by Springer. Cincholkar S B and Mukherji K G. 2007.
4. Biological Control of Plant Diseases. Hawarth Food and Agricultural Products. Gehlot Dushyant. 2005.
5. Organic Farming: Standards, Accreditation, Certification and Inspection. Agrobios (India). Gnanamanickam S S. 2002.
6. Biological Control of Crop Disease. Kuykendall Marel Dekker, INC. Ramanujam B and Rabindra R J. 2006.
7. Current Status of Biological Control of Plant Disease using Antagonistic Organisms in India. Precision Fototype Services, Bengaluru.
8. Singh Awani Kr. 2018. Handbook of Microbial Biofertilizers. Agrotech Press, Jaipur, India.
9. Singh A K. 2015. Organic Farming. New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi.