UNIT–I 4 Hours
Taxonomy & Systematics
Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature. (1 hr) Salient features and classification of plants into major groups:
Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperm, and Angiosperm (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category) (2 hrs)
Angiosperms- classification up to class, characteristic features, and examples. (1 hr)
UNIT–II 8 Hours
Cell- The Unit of Life
Structure, Function of Plant and Animal Cell and cell organelles. (1 hr) Cell cycle & Cell division. (1 hr)
Plant cell inclusions. (1 hr)
Structure of a human cell, Plasma membrane, and Organelles.(1 hr) Types, functions, and location of Glandular epithelial cells (1 hr) Structural Organization in Plants
Morphology and modifications; Tissues, types, location, and its functions; (1 hr)
Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit, and seed. (2 hrs)
UNIT–III 4 Hours
Plant Physiology
Transport in plants: Movement of water, gases, and nutrients; Cell-to-cell transport– Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport. (1 hr)
Plant–water relations– Imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis; Long-distance transport of water– Absorption, apoplast, symplast, transpiration pull, root pressure, and guttation; .(2 hrs)
Transpiration– Opening and closing of stomata; Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients– Transport of food, phloem transport, Diffusion of gases. Growth regulators–auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, Abscisic acid.(2 hrs)
UNIT–IV 9 Hours
Human Physiology
Body fluids and circulation
Composition of the blood, lymph, Disorders of blood, and Structure of blood vessels.(1 hr) Differences between artery and vein Blood vessels of vital organs, Heart sound, and Disorders of the cardiovascular system.(1 hr)
Neural control and coordination
Organization of the nervous system, Neurons, types of neurons, classification, and properties of the nerve fibre. (1 hr)
Classification of the peripheral nervous system, Structure, and functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. (1 hr)
Generation and conduction of nerve impulse, Reflex action; Sensory perception. (1 hr)
Respiration
Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans– Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration. (1 hr)
Artificial respiration, Resuscitation methods. (1 hr)
Digestion and absorption
Alimentary canal and digestive glands;Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; (1 hr)
Peristalsis, digestion, absorption, and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. (1 hr)
UNIT–V (5 hours)
Excretory products and their elimination
Modes of excretion – Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system– structure and function of kidney and nephron. (1 hr)
Regulation of kidney function– Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH, and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion. (1 hr)
Chemical coordination and regulation
Endocrine glands and hormones; Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads. (1 hr)
Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (examples only). (1 hr)
Reproductive system
Genetic basis of sex determination, Primary and secondary sex organs, Role of sex hormones in reproductive development. (1 hr)