Publication

Abstract : The objective of this systematic review will be to evaluate the effectiveness artificial intelligence–enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (AI-enhanced CBT) compared to traditional CBT or alternate non-pharmacological therapies in treating depression and anxiety among adults. Introduction Mental health disorders, particularly anxiety and depression, affect millions of individuals worldwide. In 2015, the World Health Organization estimated 264 million people experienced anxiety and 322 million depression, with prevalence rates of 3.6% and 4.4%. CBT has long been an effective treatment for these conditions, with structured interventions for symptom reduction. However, AI-enhanced CBT introduces a new dimension by personalizing treatment through adaptive algorithms and automated feedback. While traditional therapies such as psychotherapy, medication, or mindfulness have shown varying degrees of success, the integration of AI with CBT holds potential for scalable, accessible, and individualized care. Eligibility criteria This review will include studies on adults diagnosed with depression and/or anxiety that evaluate AI-enhanced CBT. Comparators may include traditional CBT or alternate non-pharmacological interventions. Eligible studies must report clinical outcomes such as symptom reduction, patient engagement, or treatment feasibility. Methods The review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness. Comprehensive searches will be conducted in MEDLINE (Ovid), Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and Epistemonikos. We will also search relevant gray literature sources, including ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global (EBSCOhost), OAIster, and Google Scholar. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, appraise quality using the JBI Randomized Controlled Trial checklist, and extract data using a standardized form. The review will follow PRISMA reporting guidelines, and if data permit, meta-analysis will be undertaken. Systematic review registration number PROSPERO CRD42024580549.